Abstract Thin-film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane is the gold-standard for desalination and water reuse. Recent literature highlights the importance of polyamide (PA) rejection layer containing nanovoids to manipulate the water permeability and salt rejection. In this study, a facile template-assisted approach was applied to generate one-dimensional (1D) nanochannels in the polyamide rejection layer of RO membranes by preloading copper nanorods inside the PA layer followed by acid etching. In addition, a TFC RO membrane containing 0D nanovoids was also fabricated to compare the dimensional effect of nanochannels on membrane morphologies and performances. Specifically, the TFC-0D membrane only exhibited 61% higher water permeability compared to that of the control TFC, while the TFC-1D membrane showed 126% higher water flux with similar NaCl rejection, probably due to the dimensional improvement of the nanochannels inside the rejection layer. This templates-assisted approach paves a feasible way for fabricating high-performance next-generation RO membranes.

中文翻译：

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含有用于增强水净化的一维纳米通道的聚酰胺反渗透膜

摘要 薄膜复合 (TFC) 反渗透 (RO) 膜是海水淡化和水回用的金标准。最近的文献强调了含有纳米空隙的聚酰胺 (PA) 阻隔层对控制水渗透性和盐阻隔的重要性。在这项研究中，通过在 PA 层内预加载铜纳米棒，然后进行酸蚀刻，应用了一种简便的模板辅助方法，在 RO 膜的聚酰胺截留层中生成一维 (1D) 纳米通道。此外，还制造了含有 0D 纳米空隙的 TFC RO 膜，以比较纳米通道对膜形态和性能的尺寸影响。具体而言，与对照 TFC 相比，TFC-0D 膜的透水性仅高 61%，而 TFC-1D 膜显示出高 126% 的水通量，具有类似的 NaCl 截留率，这可能是由于截留层内纳米通道的尺寸改进。这种模板辅助方法为制造高性能的下一代 RO 膜铺平了道路。