The Mediterranean Large Marine Ecosystem (Med-LME) is a heterogeneous system that, despite its oligotrophic nature, has high diversity of marine species and high rate of endemism, making it one of the world hotspots for marine biodiversity. The basin is also among the most impacted Large Marine Ecosystems in the world due to the combined multiple stressors, such as fishing pressure, habitat loss and degradation, climate change, pollution, eutrophication and the introduction of invasive species. The complexity of Med-LME in its structure/function and dynamics, combined with the socio-political framework of the region make management of its marine resources quite challenging. This contribution aims at highlighting the importance of the Med-LME, with an emphasis on the state of its food web and of its fish/fisheries using modelling tools and national/international reporting. The purpose is to demonstrate the importance of an holistic framework, based on stock assessments and ecosystem based modelling approaches, to be adopted in support of management and conservation measures for the preservation and sustainable use of the Med-LME resources.

地中海大型海洋生态系统（Med-LME）是一个异质系统，尽管具有寡营养性质，但海洋物种多样性高，特有率高，使其成为世界海洋生物多样性热点之一。由于捕捞压力、栖息地丧失和退化、气候变化、污染、富营养化和入侵物种的引入等多种压力因素的综合作用，该流域也是世界上受影响最严重的大型海洋生态系统之一。Med-LME 结构/功能和动态的复杂性，加上该地区的社会政治框架，使得其海洋资源的管理相当具有挑战性。本贡献旨在强调 Med-LME 的重要性，重点是使用建模工具和国家/国际报告来强调其食物网及其鱼类/渔业的状况。目的是展示基于种群评估和基于生态系统的建模方法的整体框架的重要性，该框架将用于支持管理和保护措施，以保护和可持续利用 Med-LME 资源。