A three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element analysis (FEA) model incorporating an elastic-plastic (EP) damage model, which was implemented as a user-defined material (‘VUMAT’) sub-routine in a FEA code (‘Abaqus/Explicit’), is developed to simulate the impact response of carbon-fibre reinforced-plastic (CFRP) composites. The model predicts the load versus time and the load versus displacement responses of the composite during the impact event. Further, it predicts the extent, shape and direction of any intralaminar damage and interlaminar delaminations, i.e. interlaminar cracking, as a function of the depth through the thickness of the impacted CFRP test specimen, as well as the extent of permanent indention caused by the impactor striking the composite plate. To validate the model, experimental results are obtained from relatively low-velocity impact tests on CFRP plates employing either a matrix of a thermoplastic polymer, i.e. poly(ether-ether ketone), or a thermosetting epoxy polymer. The 3-D EP model that has been developed is shown to model successfully the experimentally-measured impact behaviour of the CFRP composites.

包含弹塑性（EP）损伤模型的三维（3-D）有限元分析（FEA）模型，该模型在FEA代码中作为用户定义的材料（'VUMAT'）子例程实现（开发“ Abaqus / Explicit”以模拟碳纤维增强塑料（CFRP）复合材料的冲击响应。该模型预测了冲击事件期间复合材料的载荷对时间和载荷对位移的响应。此外，它还可以预测任何层内损伤和层间分层（即层间开裂）的程度，形状和方向，它是通过受影响的CFRP测试样品厚度产生的深度的函数，以及由冲击器引起的永久压痕的程度撞击复合板。为了验证模型，通过使用热塑性聚合物（即聚（醚醚醚酮））基质或热固性环氧聚合物对CFRP板进行的较低速冲击测试，可以获得实验结果。已显示已开发的3-D EP模型可以成功地对CFRP复合材料的实验测量冲击行为进行建模。