In this paper, we illustrate some of the current methods for the exploitation of data from Earth Observing satellites to measure and understand earthquakes and shallow crustal tectonics. The aim of applying such methods to Earth Observation data is to improve our knowledge of the active fault sources that generate earthquake shaking hazards. We provide examples of the use of Earth Observation, including the measurement and modelling of earthquake deformation processes and the earthquake cycle using both radar and optical imagery. We also highlight the importance of combining these orbiting satellite datasets with airborne, in situ and ground-based geophysical measurements to fully characterise the spatial and timescale of temporal scales of the triggering of earthquakes from an example of surface water loading. Finally, we conclude with an outlook on the anticipated shift from the more established method of observing earthquakes to the systematic measurement of the longer-term accumulation of crustal strain.

中文翻译：

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地壳构造和地震灾害的地球观测

在本文中，我们说明了一些当前利用地球观测卫星数据来测量和了解地震和浅层地壳构造的方法。将这些方法应用于地球观测数据的目的是提高我们对产生地震危害的活动断层源的了解。我们提供了使用地球观测的示例，包括使用雷达和光学图像对地震变形过程和地震周期进行测量和建模。我们还强调了将这些轨道卫星数据集与机载、原位和地面地球物理测量相结合的重要性，以从地表水载荷示例中全面描述触发地震的时间尺度的空间和时间尺度。最后，