Abstract

In recent times, the need for high-sensitive detection has grown drastically as more and more applications of molecular sensing are being explored. Cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) is one of the new age and robust techniques which has revolutionized the field of molecular detection, particularly gas-phase analysis. In this short review, we have first provided a brief introduction to the working principles and system requirements of CRDS. Subsequently, we have described the various applications of CRDS in detail, including environmental monitoring, biomedical analysis specifically human breath analysis and reaction chemistry. We have also focused on the importance of isotope analysis and their accurate measurements using CRDS and its variants. Furthermore, we described the use of CRDS in the condensed phase through evanescent wave (EW) coupled CRDS and discussed its applications in the investigation of interfacial kinetics, thin-film and biological detection. We also outlined certain variants of CRDS to give a glimpse of the different techniques which have emerged with CRDS. Hence, in this mini-review, we aimed to illustrate the use of the CRDS technique in various interdisciplinary fields.

Graphic abstract

SYNOPSIS The review provides an overview of the cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) technique and its variants. The applications of CRDS in environmental monitoring, biomedical diagnostics, reaction chemistry and isotope analysis for both the gas phase and the condensed phase molecules have been discussed.

中文翻译：

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腔衰荡光谱及其在环境，化学和生物医学系统中的应用

摘要

近年来，随着对分子传感的越来越多的应用进行研究，对高灵敏检测的需求急剧增长。腔衰荡光谱法（CRDS）是一种新时代且功能强大的技术，它彻底改变了分子检测领域，尤其是气相分析领域。在这篇简短的评论中，我们首先简要介绍了CRDS的工作原理和系统要求。随后，我们详细描述了CRDS的各种应用，包括环境监测，生物医学分析（特别是人的呼吸分析）和反应化学。我们还关注了使用CRDS及其变体进行同位素分析及其精确测量的重要性。此外，我们描述了通过DS逝波（EW）耦合CRDS在凝结相中使用CRDS的方法，并讨论了其在界面动力学，薄膜和生物检测研究中的应用。我们还概述了CRDS的某些变体，以概述CRDS出现的不同技术。因此，在本小型审查中，我们旨在说明CRDS技术在各个交叉学科领域中的使用。

图形摘要

内容提要该综述概述了腔衰荡光谱技术（CRDS）及其变体。讨论了CRDS在气相和冷凝相分子的环境监测，生物医学诊断，反应化学和同位素分析中的应用。