Iron, as an essential element for plants and microorganisms, plays a significant role in photosynthesis, photopigment synthesis, nitrogen fixation, nucleic acid synthesis, etc. However, in iron rich environments, it causes stress by affecting various physiological activities including ROS generation and detoxification machineries. Here, we investigated the protective role of antioxidative enzymes and antioxidants against iron-induced oxidative stress in the cyanobacteria, Anabaena sphaerica from the iron rich regions of Chhattisgarh. We evaluated various morpho-physiological modifications at different concentrations of iron (0, 20, 50, 75 and 100 µM FeCl₃). Microscopic and physiological characterization showed highest order of structural deformities, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and lipid peroxidation at 100 µM FeCl₃ but growth was reduced only by 28%. Possibly, maximum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities along with highest level of antioxidants (carotenoid, proline, cysteine and non protein thiol) played a major role in protecting the growth. As compared to 20 µM FeCl₃ treated cells of A. sphaerica, almost equal growth and no structural alterations at 50 and 75 µM FeCl₃ may be correlated with minimum ROS, electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) content along with an activation of efficient ROS detoxification machinery i.e. enhanced level of antioxidative enzymes and antioxidants. Thus, the inherited property of A. sphaerica to grow at iron enriched condition make it more efficient microbe for improvement of the nitrogen status in the soil.

中文翻译：

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从印度恰蒂斯加尔邦富铁稻田中分离出的蓝藻鱼腥藻中抗氧化酶和抗氧化剂对铁诱导的氧化应激的保护作用

铁是植物和微生物的必需元素，在光合作用，光色素合成，固氮，核酸合成等方面起着重要作用。但是，在富含铁的环境中，铁会通过影响各种生理活动（包括ROS生成和排毒）而引起压力。机械。在这里，我们调查了来自恰蒂斯加尔邦富铁地区的蓝细菌鱼腥藻中抗氧化酶和抗氧化剂对铁诱导的氧化应激的保护作用。我们评估了不同浓度的铁（0、20、50、75和100 µM FeCl _3的各种形态生理修饰）。）。显微和生理学表征显示，在100 µM FeCl _3下，结构变形，活性氧（ROS）生成和脂质过氧化的顺序最高，但生长仅降低了28％。可能最大的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性以及最高水平的抗氧化剂（类胡萝卜素，脯氨酸，半胱氨酸和非蛋白硫醇）在保护生长中发挥了重要作用。与用20 µM FeCl ₃处理的球形芽孢杆菌细胞相比，在50和75 µM FeCl _3下几乎相同的生长且无结构变化可能与最小的ROS，电解质泄漏和丙二醛（MDA）含量以及有效的ROS解毒机制的激活相关，即抗氧化酶和抗氧化剂水平的提高。因此，球孢菌在富铁条件下生长的遗传特性使其成为改善土壤中氮素状况的更有效的微生物。