Exercise may improve cardiorespiratory fitness in people with schizophrenia, however, possible condition-specific cardiorespiratory disadvantages, a scarcity of methodologically sound studies, and conflicting results raise questions about the effect of exercise on maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in this group. The primary aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training on VO2max in people with schizophrenia. Second, we sought to determine whether the intervention would have an effect on general physical activity (PA) level and body composition. Eighty-two patients with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to supervised high-intensity interval training or computer gaming skills training, performed twice a week for 12 weeks. Oxygen uptake was measured directly, during a maximum exercise session on a treadmill. PA level were assessed using ActiGraph accelerometer, and body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance. Differences between groups were assessed by analysis of variance using a univariate general linear model. There were no significant differences between the groups on any of the cardiorespiratory variables neither at baseline nor after the program. There were also no significant within-group differences in any of the cardiorespiratory fitness variables between the baseline and post-program time points, despite that 61% of the participants performing high-intensity interval training showed a significant increase in workload on the treadmill. However, 47% of the participants in the high-intensity interval training group had a ≥ 5% increase in VO2max. Participants supervised by mental health care providers with PA competence (e.g. rehabilitation center staff, sport scientist, physical trainer) had a much larger increase in VO2max compared to participants supervised by mental health workers without such competence, and when adding PA competence to the model, the intervention group increased VO2max significantly compared to the comparison group. The intervention had no significant effect on PA level or body composition. The intervention did not improve VO2max, PA level or body composition but succeeded in increasing workload on the treadmill. With regard to VO2max, approximately half of the patients may be considered responders. ClinicalTrials.gov ; NCT02205684 , registered July 2014,

中文翻译：

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高强度间歇训练对精神分裂症患者心肺健康，身体活动和身体成分的影响：一项随机对照试验。

锻炼可以改善精神分裂症患者的心肺适应性，但是，针对特定条件的心肺疾病的不利条件，缺乏合理的方法学研究以及相互矛盾的结果，引起了人们对运动对这一组最大摄氧量（VO2max）的影响的质疑。因此，本研究的主要目的是研究高强度间歇训练对精神分裂症患者最大摄氧量的影响。其次，我们试图确定该干预措施是否会对总体体育活动（PA）水平和身体成分产生影响。82名精神分裂症患者被随机分配到有监督的高强度间歇训练或计算机游戏技能训练中，每周进行两次，共12周。直接测量氧气吸收量，在跑步机上进行最大程度的锻炼时。使用ActiGraph加速度计评估PA水平，并通过生物电阻抗评估身体成分。使用单变量通用线性模型通过方差分析评估组之间的差异。在基线和程序后，两组之间的任何心肺变量均无显着差异。在基线和编程后的时间点之间，任何心肺适应性变量在组内也没有显着差异，尽管进行高强度间歇训练的参与者中有61％表示跑步机上的工作量显着增加。但是，高强度间歇训练组中47％的参与者的VO2max增加≥5％。与没有这种能力的精神卫生工作者监督的参与者相比，由具有PA能力的精神卫生保健提供者监督的参与者（例如，康复中心工作人员，体育科学家，体育教练）的VO2max增幅要大得多，并且在模型中增加了PA的能力时，与对照组相比，干预组的VO2max显着增加。干预对PA水平或身体组成没有明显影响。干预并未改善最大摄氧量，PA水平或身体成分，但成功增加了跑步机的工作量。关于VO2max，大约一半的患者可被视为有反应者。ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02205684，于2014年7月注册，与没有这种能力的精神卫生工作者监督的参与者相比，体育教练）VO2max的增加要大得多，并且当将PA能力添加到模型中时，与对照组相比，干预组的VO2max显着增加。干预对PA水平或身体组成没有明显影响。干预并未改善最大摄氧量，PA水平或身体成分，但成功增加了跑步机的工作量。关于VO2max，大约一半的患者可被视为有反应者。ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02205684，于2014年7月注册，与没有这种能力的精神卫生工作者监督的参与者相比，体育教练）VO2max的增加要大得多，并且当将PA能力添加到模型中时，与对照组相比，干预组的VO2max显着增加。干预对PA水平或身体组成没有明显影响。干预并未改善最大摄氧量，PA水平或身体成分，但成功增加了跑步机的工作量。关于VO2max，大约一半的患者可被视为有反应者。ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02205684，于2014年7月注册，与对照组相比，干预组的VO2max显着增加。干预对PA水平或身体组成没有明显影响。干预并未改善最大摄氧量，PA水平或身体成分，但成功增加了跑步机的工作量。关于VO2max，大约一半的患者可被视为有反应者。ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02205684，于2014年7月注册，与对照组相比，干预组的VO2max显着增加。干预对PA水平或身体组成没有明显影响。干预并未改善最大摄氧量，PA水平或身体成分，但成功增加了跑步机的工作量。关于VO2max，大约一半的患者可被视为有反应者。ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02205684，于2014年7月注册，