Quantum cellular automata (QCA) enables performing logic operations at the sub-nm scale. The clock field provides energy gain in QCA circuits, and the energy is dissipated while data flow from inputs to outputs during clock time slots. The authors start from a quantum mechanical model and end in a simple electrostatic model for energy calculation of molecular QCA systems, where the cells are fully polarised, and the tunnelling energy is neglectable compared to the Kink energy. The electrostatic model does not utilise Hartree–Fock approximation and projects asymmetric energy dissipation when the order of inputs are changed. The non-adiabatic energy dissipations of basic QCA logic devices are analysed utilising electrostatic and thermodynamic models in subsequent clock time interval transitions. Essential considerations in designing low power QCA devices emerge.

中文翻译：

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量子胞自动机逻辑装置的非绝热能量耗散

量子细胞自动机（QCA）支持 在亚纳米级执行逻辑运算。时钟字段在QCA电路中提供能量增益，并且在时钟时隙期间数据从输入流向输出时会消耗能量。作者从量子力学模型开始，最后以简单的静电模型进行分子QCA系统的能量计算，在该模型中，细胞完全极化，与Kink能量相比，隧穿能量可忽略不计。静电模型没有利用Hartree-Fock逼近，并且当输入顺序更改时会投影出不对称的能量耗散。在随后的时钟时间间隔转换中，利用静电和热力学模型分析了基本QCA逻辑器件的非绝热能量耗散。设计低功耗QCA器件时，必不可少的考虑因素出现了。