Middle-aged South Korean women are at greater risk of developing hwa-byung (South Korean anger syndrome) as compared to men and women of other age groups. In this study, we developed and evaluated the effectiveness of a group counseling program informed by Adlerian individual psychology. Outcome measures included hwa-byung symptoms, depression, and anxiety. We used a cohort-controlled design that compared an intervention condition (n = 22) and a wait-list control group (n = 16), with a 4-week follow-up. Group comparisons showed statistically significant treatment effects for all three outcome measures, which were maintained at follow-up. Mediational analyses revealed that changes in hwa-byung symptoms and depression were mediated by increased social interest. The findings support the effectiveness of a group Adlerian program for middle-aged South Korean women in alleviating hwa-byung symptoms, depression, and anxiety.

中文翻译：

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阿德勒疗法对韩国中年妇女 Hwa-Byung 的疗效

与其他年龄段的男性和女性相比，韩国中年女性患 hwa-byung（韩国愤怒综合症）的风险更大。在这项研究中，我们开发并评估了基于阿德勒个体心理学的团体咨询计划的有效性。结果测量包括hwa-byung症状、抑郁和焦虑。我们使用队列控制设计，比较干预条件（n = 22）和等待名单对照组（n = 16），并进行 4 周的随访。组比较显示所有三个结果测量的统计学显着治疗效果，在随访中保持。中介分析表明，hwa-byung 症状和抑郁的变化是由社会兴趣的增加所介导的。