This study investigated the fire risk properties of cypress wood for the construction of interiors, especially focusing on heat and smoke hazard properties in fire scenarios. Fire risk characteristics were measured using a cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1). The external heat flux was maintained at 50 kW/m2. The flame retardants used were metal oxide and metal silicate; they were mixed with a water glass solution. Flame retardants and the silicon compound were dispersed in a concentration of 20 wt% versus 80 wt%, respectively, during 24 h using a magnetic stirrer. The fire performance indexes of the specimens increased by 3–16 times, compared with uncoated specimen and the fire growth index of the specimens increased by 70%–92%. The smoke performance index of the specimens increased by 9–66 times, compared with uncoated specimens. The smoke risk as shown by the smoke performance index increased in the following order: SnO < mica < Co3O4 < ZrSiO4 < cypress. The smoke growth index decreased from 93% to 98%, compared with uncoated wood. The smoke risk due to smoke growth index increased in the following order: SnO < mica < ZrSiO4≈ Co3O4 < cypress. The smoke intensity decreased from a minimum of 85% to a maximum of 99%, compared with uncoated wood. The concentration of CO gas generated after combustion was decreased by 24%–67%. They increased in the following order: mica ≈ ZrSiO4 < SnO < Co3O4 < cypress. A comprehensive assessment of fire performance shows that flame retardants decreased heat hazards, smoke hazards, and CO toxicity.

中文翻译：

---

用锥形量热仪评估涂有金属氧化物和金属硅酸盐阻燃剂的柏木火灾风险

本研究调查了柏木用于室内建筑的火灾风险特性，特别关注火灾场景中的热和烟雾危害特性。使用锥形量热仪 (ISO 5660-1) 测量火灾风险特性。外部热通量保持在 50 kW/m2。使用的阻燃剂为金属氧化物和金属硅酸盐；它们与水玻璃溶液混合。使用磁力搅拌器，在 24 小时内，阻燃剂和硅化合物分别以 20 重量％和 80 重量％的浓度分散。试件的防火性能指标比未涂层试件提高了3~16倍，试件的火灾增长指数提高了70%~92%。与未涂层试样相比，试样的烟雾性能指数增加了 9-66 倍。由烟雾性能指数显示的烟雾风险按以下顺序增加：SnO < 云母 < Co3O4 < ZrSiO4 < cypress。与未涂层木材相比，烟雾生长指数从 93% 下降到 98%。由烟雾生长指数引起的烟雾风险按以下顺序增加：SnO < 云母 < ZrSiO4≈ Co3O4 < cypress。与未涂层木材相比，烟雾强度从最低 85% 降低到最高 99%。燃烧后产生的CO气体浓度降低了24%~67%。它们按以下顺序增加：云母≈ ZrSiO4 < SnO < Co3O4 < cypress。对防火性能的综合评估表明，阻燃剂降低了热危害、烟雾危害和 CO 毒性。与未涂层木材相比，烟雾生长指数从 93% 下降到 98%。由烟雾生长指数引起的烟雾风险按以下顺序增加：SnO < 云母 < ZrSiO4≈ Co3O4 < cypress。与未涂层木材相比，烟雾强度从最低 85% 降低到最高 99%。燃烧后产生的CO气体浓度降低了24%~67%。它们按以下顺序增加：云母≈ ZrSiO4 < SnO < Co3O4 < cypress。对防火性能的综合评估表明，阻燃剂降低了热危害、烟雾危害和 CO 毒性。与未涂层木材相比，烟雾生长指数从 93% 下降到 98%。由烟雾生长指数引起的烟雾风险按以下顺序增加：SnO < 云母 < ZrSiO4≈ Co3O4 < cypress。与未涂层木材相比，烟雾强度从最低 85% 降低到最高 99%。燃烧后产生的CO气体浓度降低了24%~67%。它们按以下顺序增加：云母≈ ZrSiO4 < SnO < Co3O4 < cypress。对防火性能的综合评估表明，阻燃剂降低了热危害、烟雾危害和 CO 毒性。与未涂层木材相比，烟雾强度从最低 85% 降低到最高 99%。燃烧后产生的CO气体浓度降低了24%~67%。它们按以下顺序增加：云母≈ ZrSiO4 < SnO < Co3O4 < cypress。对防火性能的综合评估表明，阻燃剂降低了热危害、烟雾危害和 CO 毒性。与未涂层木材相比，烟雾强度从最低 85% 降低到最高 99%。燃烧后产生的CO气体浓度降低了24%~67%。它们按以下顺序增加：云母≈ ZrSiO4 < SnO < Co3O4 < cypress。对防火性能的综合评估表明，阻燃剂降低了热危害、烟雾危害和 CO 毒性。