Driven by the increasingly remarkable problems of environmental pollution and energy crisis, the combustion optimization of diesel engine seems to be more urgent than ever, therefore, advanced injection strategies are gradually proposed and employed in modern diesel engines. Phenomenological model, which serves as an effective tool to conduct the parametric study on the spray penetration, needs to be improved to fit the intensified injection condition. Since that there are no attempts to review the spray penetration model developments, in order to help to build a comprehensive understanding of diesel spray propagation, this article briefly summarized the early history and introduced the widely used classical and improved phenomenological spray penetration models. Besides, to provide a helpful reference for selection of suitable models, the modeling methods were analyzed and features and simulation of various models were discussed and compared. After that, the trend of modeling methods and promising directions for future spray modeling were suggested.

在日益突出的环境污染和能源危机问题的驱动下，柴油机的燃烧优化似乎比以往任何时候都更加紧迫，因此，逐渐提出了先进的喷射策略，并将其应用于现代柴油机中。现象学模型是进行喷雾渗透性参数研究的有效工具，需要改进以适应增强的注射条件。由于没有尝试审查喷雾渗透模型的发展，以便帮助建立对柴油喷雾传播的全面理解，本文简要总结了早期历史并介绍了广泛使用的经典和改进的现象学喷雾渗透模型。此外，为选择合适的型号提供有用的参考，分析了建模方法，讨论并比较了各种模型的特征和仿真。之后，提出了建模方法的趋势以及未来喷雾建模的有希望的方向。