The elastic reverse time migration approach based on the vector‐wavefield decomposition generally uses the scalar product imaging condition to image the multicomponent seismic data. However, the resulting images contain the crosstalk artefacts and the polarity reversal problems, which are caused by the nonphysical wave modes and the angle‐dependent reduction of image amplitudes, respectively. To overcome these two problems, we develop an amplitude‐preserving elastic reverse time migration approach based on the vector‐decomposed P‐ and S‐wave seismic records. This approach includes two key points. The first is that we employ the vector‐decomposed P‐ and S‐wave multicomponent records to independently reconstruct the PP and PS reflection images to mitigate the crosstalk artefacts. The second is that we propose two schemes in addressing the issue of polarity reversal problem in the conventional PP image. One solution is to adopt the angle‐dependent equation. Another one is to reconstruct an amplitude‐preserving PP image with a separated scalar P‐wave particle velocity, which has a clear physical meaning. Numerical examples using two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional models demonstrate that the proposed elastic reverse time migration approach can provide the images with better amplitude‐preserving performance and fewer crosstalk artefacts, compared with the conventional elastic reverse time migration approach based on the scalar product imaging condition.

中文翻译：

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基于矢量分解的P和S波记录的2D和3D保振幅弹性逆时偏移

基于矢量波场分解的弹性逆时偏移方法通常使用标量积成像条件来成像多分量地震数据。然而，所得到的图像包含串扰伪像和极性反转问题，分别是由非物理波模式和图像幅度随角度变化引起的。为了克服这两个问题，我们基于矢量分解的P和S波地震记录，开发了一种保振幅的弹性逆时偏移方法。该方法包括两个关键点。首先是我们使用矢量分解的P波和S波多分量记录来独立地重建PP和PS反射图像以减轻串扰伪像。第二个是我们提出了两种方案来解决常规PP图像中的极性反转问题。一种解决方案是采用依赖于角度的方程。另一个是用分离的标量P波粒子速度重建保幅PP图像，这具有明确的物理意义。使用二维和三维模型的数值示例表明，与传统的基于标量积成像的弹性逆向时间偏移方法相比，所提出的弹性反向时间偏移方法可以为图像提供更好的幅度保持性能和更少的串扰伪像。健康）状况。另一个是用分离的标量P波粒子速度重建保幅PP图像，这具有明确的物理意义。使用二维和三维模型的数值示例表明，与传统的基于标量积成像的弹性逆向时间偏移方法相比，所提出的弹性反向时间偏移方法可以为图像提供更好的幅度保持性能和更少的串扰伪像。健康）状况。另一个是用分离的标量P波粒子速度重建保幅PP图像，这具有明确的物理意义。使用二维和三维模型的数值示例表明，与传统的基于标量积成像的弹性逆向时间偏移方法相比，所提出的弹性反向时间偏移方法可以为图像提供更好的幅度保持性能和更少的串扰伪像。健康）状况。