The implementation of a model to simulate distributed surface roughness, which is the new k−ω extension by Knopp et al. into the DTU Wind Energy in‐house CFD Reynolds‐Average Naviar Stokes solver EllipSys, was validated against wind tunnel experiments conducted in the Laminar Wind Tunnel of the Institute of Aerodynamics and Gas Dynamics, University of Stuttgart. The effort was to predict the aerodynamic penalty of five cases of leading edge roughness applied to a NACA 63₃‐418. Three cases were sandpaper, and two cases were turbulators/zigzag tape. Simulation of the sandpaper cases showed some agreement in the tendencies of decreased lift and increased drag as a function of angle of attack. However, the magnitudes of the aerodynamic changes were predicted and underestimated the lift and overestimated the drag. Modeling the zigzag tape using the roughness model was not successful, because the influence from the model was too small. The simulated zigzag tape hardly deviated from the fully turbulent simulation, so when using the model in its current form, one should be aware of its limitations.

中文翻译：

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CFD模拟和评估适用于NACA 633-418机翼的壁面粗糙度模型的适用性

一个模拟分布表面粗糙度的模型的实现，这是Knopp等人的新的 k - ω 扩展。在斯图加特大学空气动力学和气体动力学研究所的层流风洞中进行的风洞实验中，对DTU风能内部CFD雷诺兹-平均Naviar Stokes求解器EllipSys进行了验证。这项工作是为了预测对NACA 63 ₃施加的五种前缘粗糙度情况的空气动力损失‐418。3例是砂纸，2例是湍流器/锯齿形胶带。对砂纸箱的模拟表明，升力下降和阻力增加与迎角的函数关系一致。然而，空气动力学变化的幅度被预测并且低估了升力而高估了阻力。使用粗糙度模型对之字形胶带进行建模失败，因为该模型的影响太小了。模拟的锯齿形磁带几乎不会偏离完全湍流的模拟，因此，以当前形式使用该模型时，应该意识到其局限性。