Over the last two decades, electrospun scaffolds have proved to be advantageous in the field of nerve tissue regeneration by connecting the cavity among the proximal and distal nerve stumps growth cones and leading to functional recovery after injury. Multifunctional nanofibrous structure of these scaffolds provides enormous potential by combining the advantages of nano‐scale topography, and biological science. In these structures, selecting the appropriate materials, designing an optimized structure, modifying the surface to enhance biological functions and neurotrophic factors loading, and native cell‐like stem cells should be considered as the essential factors. In this systematic review paper, the fabrication methods for the preparation of aligned nanofibrous scaffolds in yarn or conduit architecture are reviewed. Subsequently, the utilized polymeric materials, including natural, synthetic and blend are presented. Finally, their surface modification techniques, as well as, the recent advances and outcomes of the scaffolds, both in vitro and in vivo, are reviewed and discussed.

中文翻译：

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通过多功能电纺支架再生周围神经

在过去的二十年里，电纺支架通过连接近端和远端神经残端生长锥之间的空腔并导致损伤后的功能恢复，已被证明在神经组织再生领域具有优势。这些支架的多功能纳米纤维结构结合了纳米级地形和生物科学的优势，提供了巨大的潜力。在这些结构中，选择合适的材料、设计优化的结构、修饰表面以增强生物功能和神经营养因子的负载，以及天然细胞样干细胞应被视为必不可少的因素。在这篇系统综述论文中，综述了在纱线或导管结构中制备对齐纳米纤维支架的制造方法。随后，展示了所使用的聚合物材料，包括天然的、合成的和混合的。最后，回顾和讨论了它们的表面改性技术，以及支架在体外和体内的最新进展和成果。