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Effects of drought and mycorrhiza on wheat and aphid infestation
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-28 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6703 Caroline Pons 1 , Ann-Cathrin Voß 1 , Rabea Schweiger 1 , Caroline Müller 1
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-28 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6703 Caroline Pons 1 , Ann-Cathrin Voß 1 , Rabea Schweiger 1 , Caroline Müller 1
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The impacts of climate change on worldwide crop production become increasingly severe. Thus, sustainable enhancements of agricultural production are needed. The present study investigated the effects of drought and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on wheat plants (Triticum aestivum) and their interaction with aphids. Considering predicted climate change scenarios, wheat plants were exposed to well‐watered conditions, continuous drought (CD), or pulsed (PD) drought and plants were grown without (NM) or with mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Ear biomass and harvest index were evaluated when grains were produced. Moreover, drought‐ and mycorrhiza‐induced changes in the amino acid composition of leaf phloem exudates were studied and the population growth and survival of Sitobion avenae aphids on those plants measured. Wheat plants responded differently toward the irrigation treatments. Under drought stress, ear biomass was reduced, while AM resulted in an enhanced harvest index. In phloem exudates especially, relative concentrations of the osmoprotectant proline were modulated by drought. Aphid population size was influenced by the interaction of drought and mycorrhiza treatment. This study emphasizes the pronounced influence of irrigation frequency on plant performance and indicates positive contributions of AM that may be relevant for agriculture.
中文翻译：
干旱和菌根对小麦和蚜虫侵染的影响
气候变化对全球农作物生产的影响日益严重。因此，需要可持续地提高农业生产。本研究调查了干旱和丛枝菌根真菌对小麦植物（ Triticum aestivum ）的影响及其与蚜虫的相互作用。考虑到预测的气候变化情景，小麦植株暴露在浇水良好的条件下、持续干旱（CD）或脉冲干旱（PD），并且植株在没有（NM）或有菌根（AM）真菌的情况下生长。在生产谷物时评估穗生物量和收获指数。此外，还研究了干旱和菌根引起的叶韧皮部分泌物氨基酸组成的变化，并测量了这些植物上Sitobion avenae蚜虫的种群生长和存活率。小麦植株对灌溉处理的反应不同。在干旱胁迫下，穗生物量减少，而 AM 导致收获指数提高。特别是在韧皮部分泌物中，渗透保护剂脯氨酸的相对浓度受到干旱的调节。蚜虫种群规模受到干旱和菌根处理相互作用的影响。这项研究强调了灌溉频率对植物性能的显着影响，并表明 AM 的积极贡献可能与农业相关。
更新日期：2020-10-12
中文翻译：
干旱和菌根对小麦和蚜虫侵染的影响
气候变化对全球农作物生产的影响日益严重。因此，需要可持续地提高农业生产。本研究调查了干旱和丛枝菌根真菌对小麦植物（ Triticum aestivum ）的影响及其与蚜虫的相互作用。考虑到预测的气候变化情景，小麦植株暴露在浇水良好的条件下、持续干旱（CD）或脉冲干旱（PD），并且植株在没有（NM）或有菌根（AM）真菌的情况下生长。在生产谷物时评估穗生物量和收获指数。此外，还研究了干旱和菌根引起的叶韧皮部分泌物氨基酸组成的变化，并测量了这些植物上Sitobion avenae蚜虫的种群生长和存活率。小麦植株对灌溉处理的反应不同。在干旱胁迫下，穗生物量减少，而 AM 导致收获指数提高。特别是在韧皮部分泌物中，渗透保护剂脯氨酸的相对浓度受到干旱的调节。蚜虫种群规模受到干旱和菌根处理相互作用的影响。这项研究强调了灌溉频率对植物性能的显着影响，并表明 AM 的积极贡献可能与农业相关。
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