Colombia, located in the north of the South American subcontinent is a country of great interest for population genetic studies given its high ethnic and cultural diversity represented by the admixed population, 102 indigenous peoples and African descent populations. In this study, an analysis of the genetic structure and ancestry was performed based on 46 ancestry informative INDEL markers (AIM‐INDELs) and considering the genealogical and demographic variables of 451 unrelated individuals belonging to nine Native American, two African American, and four multiple ancestry populations. Measures of genetic diversity, ancestry components, and genetic substructure were analyzed to build a population model typical of the northernmost part of the South American continent. The model suggests three types of populations: Native American, African American, and multiple ancestry. The results support hypotheses posed by other authors about issues like the peopling of South America and the existence of two types of Native American ancestry. This last finding could be crucial for future research on the peopling of Colombia and South America in that a single origin of all indigenous communities should not be assumed. It then would be necessary to consider other events that could explain their genetic variability and complexity throughout the continent.

中文翻译：

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对比南美洲最北端地区三个不同人口群体的祖先模式。


哥伦比亚位于南美次大陆北部，拥有以混血人口、102 个土著民族和非洲人后裔为代表的高度种族和文化多样性，是人口遗传学研究非常感兴趣的国家。在这项研究中，基于 46 个祖先信息 INDEL 标记 (AIM-INDEL) 进行了遗传结构和祖先分析，并考虑了 451 个不相关个体的家谱和人口变量，这些个体属于 9 个美洲原住民、2 个非洲裔美国人和 4 个多种族美国人。祖先群体。对遗传多样性、祖先组成和遗传子结构的测量进行了分析，以建立南美大陆最北端典型的种群模型。该模型提出了三种类型的人口：美洲原住民、非洲裔美国人和多重血统。研究结果支持了其他作者提出的关于南美洲人口和两种美洲原住民血统的存在等问题的假设。最后一项发现对于未来对哥伦比亚和南美洲人民的研究至关重要，因为不应假设所有土著社区都是单一起源。然后有必要考虑其他事件来解释整个大陆的遗传变异性和复杂性。