Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been associated with a wide range of biological and neurocognitive findings, which could assist in the search for biomarkers. We conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to assess and grade the strength of the evidence of the association between OCD and several potential diagnostic biomarkers while controlling for several potential biases. Twenty-four systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included, comprising 352 individual studies, more than 10,000 individuals with OCD, and covering 73 potential biomarkers. OCD was significantly associated with several neurocognitive biomarkers, with varying degrees of evidence, ranging from weak to convincing. A number of biochemical, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging biomarkers also showed statistically significant, albeit weak, associations with OCD. Analyses in unmedicated samples (123 studies) weakened the strength of the evidence for most biomarkers or rendered them non-significant. None of the biomarkers seem to have sufficient sensitivity and specificity to become a diagnostic biomarker. A more promising avenue for future biomarker research in OCD might be the prediction of clinical outcomes rather than diagnosis.

强迫症（OCD）与广泛的生物学和神经认知发现有关，可以帮助寻找生物标志物。我们对系统评价和荟萃分析进行了全面评估，以评估和分级OCD与几种潜在诊断性生物标志物之间关联的证据强度，同时控制几种潜在偏倚。包括二十四项系统评价和荟萃分析，包括352个个体研究，10,000多个患有强迫症的个体，并涵盖了73种潜在的生物标记物。强迫症与多种神经认知生物标记物显着相关，证据的程度从弱到令人信服。许多生物化学，神经生理学和神经影像学生物标志物也显示出统计学上的显着性，尽管较弱，与强迫症相关。未经药物处理的样本的分析（123项研究）削弱了大多数生物标记物的证据强度，或使其变得无意义。这些生物标记似乎都没有足够的敏感性和特异性成为诊断性生物标记。未来在强迫症中进行生物标志物研究的更有希望的途径可能是临床结果的预测而不是诊断。