Cell division requires the assembly and organization of a microtubule spindle for the proper separation of chromosomes in mitosis and meiosis. Phase separation is an emerging paradigm for understanding spatial and temporal regulation of a variety of cellular processes, including cell division. Phase-separated condensates have been recently discovered at many structures during cell division as a possible mechanism for properly localizing, organizing, and activating proteins involved in cell division. Here, we review how these condensates play roles in regulating microtubule density and organization and spindle assembly and function and in activating some of the key players in cell division. We conclude with perspectives on areas of future research for this exciting and rapidly advancing field.

细胞分裂需要组装和组织微管纺锤体，以便在有丝分裂和减数分裂中正确分离染色体。相分离是一种新兴范式，用于理解包括细胞分裂在内的各种细胞过程的空间和时间调控。最近在细胞分裂过程中的许多结构中发现了相分离的缩合物，作为正确定位、组织和激活参与细胞分裂的蛋白质的可能机制。在这里，我们回顾了这些凝聚物如何在调节微管密度和组织以及纺锤体组装和功能以及激活细胞分裂中的一些关键参与者方面发挥作用。我们总结了这个令人兴奋且快速发展的领域未来研究领域的观点。