Autoimmune diseases are considered as one of the most important disorders of the immune system, in which the prolonged and chronic processes eliminate self-tolerance to the auto-antigens. The prevalence of autoimmune diseases has been increasing worldwide in the recent years. According to the literature, biological processes such as the host genome, epigenetic events, environmental condition, drug consumption, and infectious agents are the most important risk factors that make the host susceptible to the development of autoimmune diseases. In the recent years, the role of Helicobacter pylori in the induction of autoimmune diseases has attracted extensive attention. Via molecular mimicry, epitope spreading, bystander activation, polyclonal activation, dysregulation in immune response, and highly immune-dominant virulence, such as cagA, H. pylori causes tissue damage, polarity, and proliferation of the host cells leading to the modulation of host immune responses. Moreover, given the large population worldwide infected with H. pylori, it seems likely that the bacterium may develop into autoimmune diseases through dysregulation of the immune response. The frequency and relationship between H. pylori infection and systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune atrophy gastritis, and autoimmune pancreatitis were evaluated using the data from 43 studies involving 5052 patients. According to statistical analysis it is probable that infection with more virulent strains of H. pylori (such as H. pylori cagA positive) can increase the risk of autoimmune diseases. In addition, it was shown that infection with H. pylori can prevent the development of atrophic gastritis by stimulating inflammation in the gastric antrum. However, future studies should confirm the validity of this study.

自身免疫性疾病被认为是免疫系统最重要的疾病之一，其中长期和慢性过程消除了对自身抗原的自我耐受性。近年来，自身免疫性疾病的患病率在世界范围内呈上升趋势。根据文献，宿主基因组、表观遗传事件、环境条件、药物消耗和感染因子等生物过程是使宿主易患自身免疫性疾病的最重要的风险因素。近年来，幽门螺杆菌的作用在自身免疫性疾病的诱发方面受到广泛关注。通过分子模拟、表位扩散、旁观者激活、多克隆激活、免疫反应失调和高度免疫显性毒力，如cagA，幽门螺杆菌导致宿主细胞的组织损伤、极性和增殖，导致宿主细胞的调节免疫反应。此外，鉴于全世界感染幽门螺杆菌的人口众多，该细菌似乎可能通过免疫反应失调而发展为自身免疫性疾病。H. pylori的发生频率和关系使用涉及 5052 名患者的 43 项研究的数据评估感染和系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿性关节炎、自身免疫性萎缩性胃炎和自身免疫性胰腺炎的风险。根据统计分析，感染更毒力的幽门螺杆菌（如幽门螺杆菌cagA阳性）可能会增加自身免疫性疾病的风险。此外，研究表明感染幽门螺杆菌可以通过刺激胃窦部的炎症来预防萎缩性胃炎的发展。然而，未来的研究应该证实这项研究的有效性。