Porous active core-shell carbon material with excellent synergistic effect has been regarded as a prospective material for supercapacitors. Herein, we report an integrated method for the facile synthesis of carbide-derived carbon (CDC) encapsulated with porous N-doped carbon (CDC@NC) towards high-performance supercapacitors. Polydopamine (PDA) as nitrogen and carbon sources was simply coated on SiC nanospheres to form SiC@PDA, which was then directly transformed into CDC@NC via a one-step molten salt electro-etching/in-situ doping process. The synthesized CDC@NC with hierarchically porous structure has a high specific surface area of 1191 m² g⁻¹. The CDC core and NC shell are typical amorphous carbon and more ordered N-doped carbon, respectively. Benefitting from its unique dual porous structures, the CDC@NC demonstrates high specific capacitances of 255 and 193 F g⁻¹ at 0.5 and 20 A g⁻¹, respectively. The reaction mechanism of the electro-etching/in-situ doping process has also been investigated through experimental characterizations and theoretical density functional theory calculations. It is suggested that the molten salt electro-etching/in-situ doping strategy is promising for the synthesis of active core-shell porous carbon materials with synergistic properties for supercapacitors without the need for additional doping/activation processes.

具有优异协同作用的多孔活性核-壳碳材料已被认为是超级电容器的预期材料。在这里，我们报告了一种集成的方法，可以方便地合成掺有多孔N掺杂碳（CDC @ NC）的碳化物衍生碳（CDC）向高性能超级电容器。将作为氮和碳源的聚多巴胺（PDA）简单地涂覆在SiC纳米球上即可形成SiC @ PDA，然后通过一步熔盐电蚀刻/原位掺杂工艺将其直接转化为CDC @ NC 。具有分层多孔结构的合成CDC @ NC具有1191 m ² g ^-1的高比表面积。CDC核和NC壳分别是典型的无定形碳和更有序的N掺杂碳。得益于其独特的双重多孔结构，CDC @ NC在0.5和20 A g ^-1时分别显示出255和193 F g ^-1的高比电容。通过实验表征和理论密度泛函理论计算，也研究了电蚀刻/原位掺杂工艺的反应机理。有人提出，熔融盐电蚀刻/原位掺杂策略有望用于合成具有超级电容器协同性能的活性核-壳多孔碳材料，而无需额外的掺杂/活化过程。