We had previously found that M to L cone abundancy ratios in the chicken retina are correlated with vitreous chamber depth and refractive state in chickens eyes, when they have normal visual exposure but not when they develop deprivation myopia. The finding suggests an interaction between cone abundancies and emmetropization. In the current study, we analyzed how stable this correlation was against changes in environmental variables and strain differences. We found that the correlation was preserved in two chicken strains, as long as they were raised in the laboratory facilities and not in the animal facilities of the institute. To determine the reasons for this difference, spectral and temporal lighting parameters were better adjusted in both places, whereas temperature, humidity, food, diurnal lighting cycles and illuminance were already matched. It was also verified that both strains of chickens had the same cone opsin amino acid sequences. The correlation between M to L cone abundancy and ocular biometry is highly susceptible to changes in environmental variables. Yet undetermined differences in lighting parameters were the most likely reasons. Other striking findings were that green cone opsin mRNA expression was downregulated when deprivation myopia developed. Similarly, red opsin mRNA was downregulated when chicks wore red spectacles, which made them more hyperopic. In summary, our experiments show that photoreceptor abundancies, opsin expression, and the responses to deprivation, and therefore emmetropization, are surprisingly dependent on subtle differences in lighting parameters.

我们以前曾发现，鸡视网膜的M比L锥度丰度比与正常眼睛的玻璃体腔深度和屈光状态有关，当它们具有正常的视觉暴露时，而不是发展为剥夺性近视时。这一发现暗示了锥体丰度与正化之间的相互作用。在当前的研究中，我们分析了这种相关性相对于环境变量和应变差异变化的稳定性。我们发现，只要它们是在实验室的设施而不是研究所的动物设施中饲养的，相关性就保留在两个鸡品系中。为了确定造成这种差异的原因，可以在两个地方更好地调整光谱和时间照明参数，而温度，湿度，食物，昼夜照明周期和照度已经匹配。还证实了这两种鸡品系具有相同的视锥视蛋白氨基酸序列。M到L视锥细胞丰度与眼睛生物特征之间的相关性极易受到环境变量变化的影响。然而，照明参数的不确定性是最可能的原因。其他惊人的发现是剥夺性近视发展时绿色视锥蛋白mRNA表达下调。同样，当小鸡戴着红色眼镜时，红色视蛋白的mRNA也被下调，这使它们更加远视。总之，我们的实验表明，光感受器的丰度，视蛋白表达以及对剥夺的反应以及正视化都出乎意料地取决于照明参数的细微差别。M到L视锥细胞丰度与眼睛生物特征之间的相关性极易受到环境变量变化的影响。然而，照明参数的不确定差异是最可能的原因。其他惊人的发现是，剥夺性近视发生后，绿色视锥蛋白的mRNA表达被下调。同样，当小鸡戴着红色眼镜时，红色视蛋白的mRNA也被下调，这使它们更加远视。总之，我们的实验表明，光感受器的丰度，视蛋白表达以及对剥夺的反应以及正视化都出乎意料地取决于照明参数的细微差别。M到L视锥细胞丰度与眼睛生物特征之间的相关性极易受到环境变量变化的影响。然而，照明参数的不确定性是最可能的原因。其他惊人的发现是剥夺性近视发展时绿色视锥蛋白mRNA表达下调。同样，当小鸡戴着红色眼镜时，红色视蛋白的mRNA也被下调，这使它们更加远视。总而言之，我们的实验表明，感光体的丰度，视蛋白表达以及对剥夺的反应以及正视化均出乎意料地取决于照明参数的细微差别。然而，照明参数的不确定差异是最可能的原因。其他惊人的发现是剥夺性近视发展时绿色视锥蛋白mRNA表达下调。同样，当小鸡戴着红色眼镜时，红色视蛋白的mRNA也被下调，这使它们更加远视。总之，我们的实验表明，光感受器的丰度，视蛋白表达以及对剥夺的反应以及正视化都出乎意料地取决于照明参数的细微差别。然而，照明参数的不确定差异是最可能的原因。其他惊人的发现是剥夺性近视发展时绿色视锥蛋白mRNA表达下调。同样，当小鸡戴着红色眼镜时，红色视蛋白的mRNA也被下调，这使它们更加远视。总之，我们的实验表明，光感受器的丰度，视蛋白表达以及对剥夺的反应以及正视化都出乎意料地取决于照明参数的细微差别。