Anxiety is the most common form of psychopathology, and it is often characterized by chronic impairment across the lifespan. Researchers have identified core neural markers that confer risk for anxious outcomes. An increased error-related negativity (ERN) in anxious individuals has been shown to prospectively predict onset of anxiety disorders across development. Hence, it is critical to examine environmental factors that may shape the ERN. In the current study, we use a large sample of 170 female adolescents aged 10–17 to investigate whether the ERN mediates the relationship between parenting style and anxiety diagnostic status. This study replicates previous findings, and it extends previous work by suggesting that this relationship is more robust in young children as compared to adolescents. Interventions targeting the ERN via parenting may be most effective during childhood.

焦虑症是最常见的心理病理学形式，通常表现为一生中的慢性损伤。研究人员已经确定了导致焦虑结果风险的核心神经标志物。焦虑个体中错误相关的消极情绪（ERN）的增加已被证明可以预测整个发展过程中焦虑症的发作。因此，研究可能影响ERN的环境因素至关重要。在当前的研究中，我们使用了170名10至17岁女性青少年的大量样本来研究ERN是否介导父母教养方式与焦虑诊断状态之间的关系。这项研究重复了以前的发现，并通过暗示这种关系在幼儿中比青少年更牢固，从而扩展了以前的工作。