Bacteria biofilm has extracellular polymeric substances to protect bacteria from external threats, which is a stubborn problem for human health. Herein, a kind of gasifiable nanodroplet is fabricated to ablate Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) biofilm. Upon NIR pulsed laser irradiation, the nanodroplets can gasify to generate destructive gas shockwave, which further potentiates initial acoustic cavitation effect, thus synergistically disrupting the protective biofilm and killing resident bacteria. More importantly, the gasification can further promote antibiotic release in deep biofilm for residual bacteria eradication. The nanodroplets not only exhibit deep biofilm penetration capacity and high potency to ablate biofilms, but also good biocompatibility without detectable side effects. In vivo mouse implant model indicates that the nanodroplets can accumulate at the S. aureus infected implant sites. Upon pulsed laser treatment, the nanodroplets efficiently eradicate bacteria biofilm in implanted catheter by synergistic contribution of gas shockwave-enhanced cavitation and deep antibiotic release. Current phase changeable nanodroplets with synergistic physical and chemical therapeutic modalities are promising to combat complex bacterial biofilms with drug resistance, which provides an alternative visual angle for biofilm inhibition in biomedicine.

细菌生物膜具有细胞外聚合物质，可保护细菌免受外部威胁，这是人类健康的顽固问题。在此，制备一种可气化的纳米液滴以消融金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）。）生物膜。在NIR脉冲激光照射下，纳米液滴会气化以产生破坏性气体冲击波，从而进一步增强初始声空化效应，从而协同破坏保护性生物膜并杀死常驻细菌。更重要的是，气化可以进一步促进深层生物膜中抗生素的释放，以消除残留细菌。纳米液滴不仅显示出深厚的生物膜渗透能力和消融生物膜的高效力，而且还具有良好的生物相容性，而没有可检测到的副作用。体内小鼠植入物模型表明纳米液滴可以在金黄色葡萄球菌上积累被感染的植入部位。经过脉冲激光处理后，纳米液滴通过气体冲击波增强的空化作用和深层抗生素释放的协同作用，有效根除了植入导管中的细菌生物膜。具有协同的物理和化学治疗方式的当前相变纳米滴有望与具有耐药性的复杂细菌生物膜战斗，这为生物医学中生物膜抑制提供了另一种视角。