The low-frequency seismic reflection is important for the characterization of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Previous research has proved that the frequency-dependent component of the low-frequency reflection coefficient is approximately proportional to the reservoir fluid mobility. A low-frequency seismic attribute is defined to extract an approximate measurement of reservoir fluid mobility from seismic reflection data. Based on the high-resolution time–frequency decomposition technology, we apply this seismic attribute to detect hydrocarbons in shale and igneous reservoirs with low porosity and low permeability. The application results illustrate that the low-frequency seismic attribute can not only indicate the spatial distribution of oil and gas, which can help design the optimal landing point and trajectory of directional drilling, but also be approximately proportional to the production of oil and gas, which can be used for resource evaluation during the early exploration stage. We also give a brief discussion on the working mechanism of the low-frequency seismic attribute. The present work may provide some references for the subsequent exploration and research of reservoirs with low porosity and low permeability.

低频地震反射对于表征油气藏很重要。先前的研究已经证明，低频反射系数的频率相关分量与储层流体流动性近似成比例。定义了低频地震属性，以从地震反射数据中提取储层流体流动性的近似测量值。基于高分辨率时频分解技术，我们将这种地震属性应用于低孔隙度和低渗透率的页岩和火成岩储层中的碳氢化合物探测。应用结果表明，低频地震属性不仅可以指示油气的空间分布，而且可以帮助设计定向钻井的最佳着陆点和轨迹，但也大致与油气产量成正比，可用于勘探初期的资源评估。我们还简要讨论了低频地震属性的工作机制。本文的工作可为低孔隙度，低渗透率储层的后续勘探和研究提供参考。