Human aging has innumerable health implications, including loss of muscle mass and increased circulating inflammatory markers. Resistance exercise in the elderly can prevent muscle mass loss and improve the inflammatory profile. Conversely, detraining can reverse this picture. Thus, there is a strong need for studies with the elderly population to clarify the real impacts of a training interruption. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the inflammatory profile of resistance trained elderly women after 4 weeks of detraining. Seventeen elderly women with regular participation in an exercise program participated in the study. Body mass index (BMI), physical activity level assessments, total cholesterol and its fractions, triglycerides, glycemia and insulin blood levels, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, TNF-α, IFNγ, and MCP-1 were assessed before and after the detraining protocol. The 4 week detraining period decreased physical fitness without altering body mass and BMI. The short detraining period was able to induce some metabolic disturbances in elderly women who regularly participate in a program of strength training, such as increasing HOMA-IR (0.72 ± 0.14 to 0.81 ± 0.23; p = 0.029), and increasing total blood cholesterol (178.21 ± 23.64 to 220.90 ± 64.98 mg/dL; p = 0.008) and LDL fraction (111.79 ± 21.09 to 155.33 ± 60.95 mg/dL; p = 0.048). No alteration in levels of inflammatory cytokines was observed, however, this detraining period significantly reduced IL-13 (44.84 ± 100.85 to 35.84 ± 78.89 pg/mL; p = 0.031) a Th2 cytokine that induces M2 macrophage polarization. These data demonstrate that even a short period of detraining is harmful for elderly women who regularly participate in a program of strength training, since it impairs physical performance, insulin sensitivity and cholesterol metabolism.

中文翻译：

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为期四周的停训期对定期参加力量训练计划的老年女性的身体、代谢和炎症状况的影响。

人类衰老对健康有无数影响，包括肌肉量减少和循环炎症标志物增加。老年人的抗阻运动可以防止肌肉质量损失并改善炎症状况。相反，去训练可以扭转这种局面。因此，非常需要对老年人口进行研究，以阐明培训中断的真正影响。因此，本研究的目的是分析经过抗阻训练的老年女性在停止训练 4 周后的炎症情况。十七名经常参加锻炼计划的老年妇女参与了这项研究。体重指数 (BMI)、体力活动水平评估、总胆固醇及其分数、甘油三酯、血糖和胰岛素血液水平、IL-1β、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10、IL-13、TNF-α、干扰素γ，和 MCP-1 在训练方案之前和之后进行了评估。4 周的停训期在不改变体重和 BMI 的情况下降低了体能。短暂的停训期能够在定期参加力量训练计划的老年女性中引起一些代谢紊乱，例如增加 HOMA-IR（0.72 ± 0.14 至 0.81 ± 0.23；p = 0.029）和增加总血胆固醇（ 178.21 ± 23.64 至 220.90 ± 64.98 mg/dL；p = 0.008）和 LDL 分数（111.79 ± 21.09 至 155.33 ± 60.95 mg/dL；p = 0.048）。没有观察到炎性细胞因子水平的变化，然而，这个去训练期显着降低了诱导 M2 巨噬细胞极化的 Th2 细胞因子 IL-13（44.84 ± 100.85 至 35.84 ± 78.89 pg/mL；p = 0.031）。