Radiative-magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) equations along with a full set of Maxwell's equations are followed to formulate the charged surface waves at the interface of an incompressible, radiative, magnetized dusty plasma and vacuum, while assuming that the characteristic wave frequency is much smaller than the ion gyrofrequency, having an equilibrium background state. It is found that the separation of charges on the surface is followed by thermal motion, which further leads to a negative pressure gradient normal to the surface, hence the plasma–vacuum interface is under tension due to two different types of oppositely directed pressures. The dusty plasma RMHD set of equations admits a linear dispersion relation of surface Jeans instability of an incompressible dusty plasma, which exhibits a strong coupling between the electron surface charge and dust surface mass densities and we conclude that the surface densities of both electrons and dust as well as the dust inertia play major roles in the gravitational collapse of the surface of astrophysical objects such as stars, galaxies etc. Further, the growth rate of radiative surface waves is found to be function of both the temperature inhomogeneity, appearing due to thermal radiation heat flux, as well as the thermal radiation pressure. The present findings of charged surface waves may seek application at the astroscales.

中文翻译：

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引力-辐射磁流体动力表面波

遵循辐射-磁流体动力学 (RMHD) 方程以及全套麦克斯韦方程，在不可压缩、辐射、磁化的尘埃等离子体和真空的界面处制定带电表面波，同时假设特征波频率远小于离子回旋频率，具有平衡背景状态。研究发现，表面电荷分离之后是热运动，这进一步导致垂直于表面的负压力梯度，因此由于两种不同类型的相反方向的压力，等离子体-真空界面处于张力之下。尘埃等离子体 RMHD 方程组承认不可压缩尘埃等离子体表面 Jeans 不稳定性的线性色散关系，它表现出电子表面电荷和尘埃表面质量密度之间的强耦合，我们得出结论，电子和尘埃的表面密度以及尘埃惯性在诸如恒星等天体物理物体表面的引力坍缩中起主要作用，此外，辐射表面波的生长速率被发现是由于热辐射热通量而出现的温度不均匀性以及热辐射压力的函数。目前对带电表面波的发现可能会在天文尺度上寻求应用。辐射表面波的生长速率被发现是温度不均匀性的函数，由于热辐射热通量而出现，以及热辐射压力。目前对带电表面波的发现可能会在天文尺度上寻求应用。辐射表面波的生长速率被发现是温度不均匀性的函数，由于热辐射热通量而出现，以及热辐射压力。目前对带电表面波的发现可能会在天文尺度上寻求应用。