Abstract Spider silk is a kind of natural biomaterial with superior performance. Its mechanical properties and biocompatibility are incomparable with those of other natural and artificial materials. This article first summarizes the structure and the characteristics of natural spider silk. It shows the great research value of spider silk and spider silk bionic materials. Then, the development status of spider silk bionic materials is reviewed from the perspectives of material mechanical properties and application. The part of the material characteristics mainly describes the biocomposites based on spider silk proteins and spider silk fibers, nanomaterials and man-made fiber materials based on spider silk and spider-web structures. The principles and characteristics of new materials and their potential applications in the future are described. In addition, from the perspective of practical applications, the latest application of spider silk biomimetic materials in the fields of medicine, textiles, and sensors is reviewed, and the inspiration, feasibility, and performance of finished products are briefly introduced and analyzed. Finally, the research directions and future development trends of spider silk biomimetic materials are prospected.

中文翻译：

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蜘蛛丝仿生材料力学性能及应用分析

摘要 蜘蛛丝是一种性能优越的天然生物材料。其力学性能和生物相容性是其他天然和人造材料无法比拟的。本文首先总结了天然蜘蛛丝的结构和特点。显示了蜘蛛丝和蜘蛛丝仿生材料的巨大研究价值。然后，从材料力学性能和应用的角度，综述了蜘蛛丝仿生材料的发展现状。材料特性部分主要描述了基于蜘蛛丝蛋白和蜘蛛丝纤维的生物复合材料、基于蜘蛛丝和蜘蛛网结构的纳米材料和人造纤维材料。描述了新材料的原理和特性及其在未来的潜在应用。此外，从实际应用的角度，综述了蜘蛛丝仿生材料在医药、纺织、传感器等领域的最新应用，并对成品的启示、可行性和性能进行了简要介绍和分析。最后对蜘蛛丝仿生材料的研究方向和未来发展趋势进行了展望。