Abstract

The emergence of Industry 4.0 has brought in its wake an important number of challenges and opportunities for organisations across the globe. To cope with such a fast-changing environment, organisations have been steadily implementing different types of technologies, and at different stages. One of the most disruptive and promising technology is blockchain, and its potential to transform various aspects of organisations’ business and operations, including the supply chain relationships, is tremendous. In line with the global research trend in this domain, this paper proposes a multi-stage model of adoption (intention, adoption, and routinisation stages), for a better understanding of blockchain diffusion across supply chains. We drew on the diffusion of innovations theory, the resource-based view, dynamic capability, the technology adoption model, and the institutional theory to propose a multi-stage model. We validated the model using PLS-SEM, which was applied on data collected in India and the U.S. Our results showed that, from one country to another, there are essential differences in the variables that determine blockchain innovation and in the stage of diffusion. Additionally, our proposed model provided a good explanation at all stages of blockchain diffusion. This study offers significant and valuable contributions in terms of theory and management.

摘要

工业 4.0 的出现为全球组织带来了许多重要的挑战和机遇。为了应对这种快速变化的环境，组织一直在稳步实施不同类型的技术，并处于不同的阶段。最具颠覆性和最有前途的技术之一是区块链，它在改变组织业务和运营的各个方面（包括供应链关系）方面的潜力是巨大的。根据该领域的全球研究趋势，本文提出了一个多阶段采用模型（意图、采用和常规化阶段），以更好地理解区块链在供应链中的扩散。我们借鉴了创新扩散理论、基于资源的观点、动态能力、技术采用模型、和制度理论提出多阶段模型。我们使用 PLS-SEM 验证了模型，该模型应用于印度和美国收集的数据。我们的结果表明，从一个国家到另一个国家，决定区块链创新的变量和扩散阶段存在本质差异。此外，我们提出的模型在区块链扩散的所有阶段都提供了很好的解释。这项研究在理论和管理方面提供了重要而有价值的贡献。此外，我们提出的模型在区块链扩散的所有阶段都提供了很好的解释。这项研究在理论和管理方面提供了重要而有价值的贡献。此外，我们提出的模型在区块链扩散的所有阶段都提供了很好的解释。这项研究在理论和管理方面提供了重要而有价值的贡献。