Abstract Due to the prominent optical, magnetic, and X-ray attenuation properties of RE elements, as well as the radioactivity of their isotopes, RE-containing biomaterials are becoming increasingly popular in the biological field. To date, some RE-containing biomaterials, such as Gadolinium (III) 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetate (Gd-DOTA, contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging) and 177Lu-Dotatate (clinical medicine for radiation therapy) have been commercialized, but most are still in laboratories and preclinical trials. The purpose of this review is to provide a general and comprehensive overview of the recent developments of RE-containing materials in bioimaging, therapy, and biosensing originating from the intrinsic properties of RE elements. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities of RE-containing materials in the above rapidly growing biological field were discussed. This review will be useful to chemists, biochemists, physicalists, materials scientists, and other researchers interested in the applications of RE-containing materials in the biological field.

中文翻译：

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新兴生物材料：充分利用稀土元素的内在特性

摘要 由于稀土元素突出的光学、磁性和X射线衰减特性，以及其同位素的放射性，含稀土的生物材料在生物领域越来越受欢迎。迄今为止，一些含 RE 的生物材料，例如钆 (III) 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetate（Gd-DOTA，磁共振成像造影剂）和 177Lu-Dotatate （放射治疗的临床医学）已经商业化，但大多数仍处于实验室和临床前试验阶段。本综述的目的是对含稀土材料在生物成像、治疗和生物传感方面的最新发展提供一般和全面的概述，这些发展源于稀土元素的固有特性。此外，讨论了含RE材料在上述快速发展的生物领域的挑战和机遇。这篇综述将对化学家、生物化学家、物理家、材料科学家和其他对含稀土材料在生物领域的应用感兴趣的研究人员有用。