Abstract Piezoelectric ceramic-polymer composites have attracted substantial interest owing to their distinct piezoelectric performance. This paper investigates the dependence of their output voltage on the volume fraction and structure of the ceramic component, together with the type of stimulus, using finite element analysis. When ceramic parts of piezocomposites are shaped into structures with a topology of triply periodic minimum surface such as Schwarz Primitive surface, Gyroid surface, and Neovius surface, they exhibit much better piezoelectric performance than existing piezocomposites under both the compressive strain and the shear strain. Compared to a piezocomposite with three intersecting ceramic cuboids, Schwarz piezocomposite with the same volume fraction of 50% can increase output voltage by approximately 50% under compressive strains 2%-8%. With 16% ceramic material and under a compressive strain of 8%, Neovius piezocomposite demonstrates ∼17-fold and ∼6,000-fold enhancement of output voltage than that of the piezocomposite in the 3-3 mode (connected and irregularly-shaped ceramic component) and in the 0-3 mode (disconnected ceramic particles), respectively. Under simple shear, performance superiority of Neovius piezocomposite to that of the 3-3 mode piezocomposite becomes more significant as output voltage can be enhanced up to approximately 30-fold. Computational analysis shows that high von Mises stress helps to enlarge the difference between positive and negative electrical potential, and therefore enhance output voltage. The findings in this work also reveal output voltage is inversely proportional to strain energy stored in piezocomposites. Because Schwarz piezocomposite has the largest bulk modulus with minimum strain energy under compression, it has the maximum output voltage.

中文翻译：

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三周期最小表面结构的压电特性

摘要 压电陶瓷-聚合物复合材料由于其独特的压电性能而引起了广泛的关注。本文使用有限元分析研究了它们的输出电压对陶瓷组件的体积分数和结构以及激励类型的依赖性。当压电复合材料的陶瓷部件成型为具有三周期最小表面拓扑结构的结构时，例如 Schwarz Primitive 表面、Gyroid 表面和 Neovius 表面，它们在压缩应变和剪切应变下都表现出比现有压电复合材料更好的压电性能。与具有三个相交陶瓷长方体的压电复合材料相比，相同体积分数 50% 的施瓦茨压电复合材料在 2%-8% 的压缩应变下可将输出电压提高约 50%。在 16% 的陶瓷材料和 8% 的压缩应变下，Neovius 压电复合材料的输出电压比 3-3 模式（连接和不规则形状的陶瓷组件）的压电复合材料的输出电压提高了约 17 倍和约 6,000 倍和 0-3 模式（断开的陶瓷颗粒），分别。在简单剪切下，Neovius 压电复合材料相对于 3-3 模式压电复合材料的性能优势变得更加显着，因为输出电压可以提高约 30 倍。计算分析表明，高von Mises应力有助于扩大正负电位差，从而提高输出电压。这项工作的发现还揭示了输出电压与存储在压电复合材料中的应变能成反比。由于施瓦茨压电复合材料在压缩下具有最大的体积模量和最小的应变能，因此具有最大的输出电压。