From mitochondrial quality control pathways to the regulation of specific functions, the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) could be compared to a Swiss knife without which mitochondria could not maintain its integrity in the cell. Here, we review the mechanisms that the UPS employs to regulate mitochondrial function and efficiency. For this purpose, we depict how Ubiquitin and the Proteasome participate in diverse quality control pathways that safeguard entry into the mitochondrial compartment. A focus is then achieved on the UPS-mediated control of the yeast mitofusin Fzo1 which provides insights into the complex regulation of this particular protein in mitochondrial fusion. We ultimately dissect the mechanisms by which the UPS controls the degradation of mitochondria by autophagy in both mammalian and yeast systems. This organization should offer a useful overview of this abundant but fascinating literature on the crosstalks between mitochondria and the UPS.

从线粒体质量控制途径到特定功能的调节，泛素蛋白酶体系统（UPS）可以与瑞士刀相提并论，没有它，线粒体无法维持其在细胞中的完整性。在这里，我们回顾了UPS用来调节线粒体功能和效率的机制。为此，我们描述了泛素和蛋白酶体如何参与各种质量控制途径来保护进入线粒体区室。然后将重点放在UPS介导的酵母线粒体融合蛋白Fzo1的控制上，该控制提供了对线粒体融合中这种特定蛋白质的复杂调控的见解。我们最终剖析了在哺乳动物和酵母系统中UPS通过自噬控制线粒体降解的机制。