An experiment was performed to study the impacts of elevated CO₂ concentrations and climatic warming on potato growth during 2016. The changes in potato gas exchange parameters, yield and nutrient composition and the microelement concentrations in tubers were analysed. The results showed that potato growth was affected by warming and the elevated CO₂ concentration. The net photosynthetic rate (P_n) of potato leaves was higher in the treatments than in the control. During the late growth stage, the P_n of the potato leaves decreased. Under an elevated CO₂ concentration, the leaf stomatal conductance (G_s) gradually decreased to below that of the control. The leaf transpiration rate (T_r) increased and was higher under warming with elevated CO₂ concentration treatment. The water use efficiency (WUE) improved and was higher under warming conditions and elevated CO₂ concentration compared with the control group and the group with only warming. The threshold of the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) flux density was improved in the warming and elevated CO₂ concentration treatment when photosynthetic assimilation was equivalent to respiratory consumption during potato leaf photosynthesis. Under weak light, the photosynthetic capacity of the potato leaves and the maximum P_n were improved. In addition, the light saturation point was improved at maximum assimilation. The dark respiration rate (R_d) increased with warming, but it could be relieved by the combined impact of warming and elevated CO₂ concentration. The actual yields of the warming and elevated CO₂ concentration treatment were distinctly higher than those of the control and the treatment with only warming. The potato yield in the treatment with only warming was low, and warming did not promote the tuber growth in the semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau. Warming during the tuber expansion stage delays its growth and results in deformed tubers. Therefore, warming synchronized with elevated CO₂ concentrations will improve the P_n and WUE of potato leaves, which could promote potato dry matter accumulation and increase potato yield.

进行了一项实验研究了2016年CO ₂浓度升高和气候变暖对马铃薯生长的影响。分析了马铃薯气体交换参数，产量和营养成分以及块茎中微量元素含量的变化。结果表明，马铃薯生长受变暖和CO ₂浓度升高的影响。处理中马铃薯叶片的净光合速率（P _n）高于对照。在生育后期，马铃薯叶片的P _n降低。在升高的CO ₂浓度下，叶片气孔导度（G _s）逐渐降低至对照值以下。随着升高的CO ₂浓度处理，叶片蒸腾速率（T _r）增加并且更高。与对照组和仅加温组相比，加水效率（WUE）提高了，并且在加温条件下和升高的CO ₂浓度下更高。当光合作用等同于马铃薯叶片光合作用的呼吸消耗时，在升温和CO ₂浓度升高的处理中，光合作用活性辐射通量密度的阈值会提高。在弱光下，马铃薯叶片的光合能力和最大P _n得到了改善。另外，在最大同化下光饱和点得到改善。暗呼吸速率（R _d）随着变暖而增加，但变暖和CO ₂浓度升高的共同作用可以缓解暗呼吸速率。加温和升高的CO ₂浓度处理的实际产率明显高于对照和仅加温处理的产率。在仅加温的处理中，马铃薯产量较低，并且加温并没有促进黄土高原半干旱地区的块茎生长。在块茎膨大阶段变暖会延缓其生长并导致块茎变形。因此，与升高的CO ₂浓度同步进行的升温将改善马铃薯叶片的P _n和WUE可以促进马铃薯干物质积累并提高马铃薯产量。