To examine the legacy of pasture drill rows sown to various configurations of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.), lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.), on soil chemical characteristics and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in the year following pasture removal. A field experiment comparing 10 pasture species combination treatments conducted on a Red Kandosol soil in a semi-arid environment in south-eastern Australia was monitored from the end of the pasture phase until harvest of the first wheat crop. Quadrats were fixed to the soil surface to mark previous pasture drill rows. Soil within and between rows was sampled to 0.6 m at three times and analysed for mineral nitrogen (N), pH, total carbon (C) and available macro-nutrients, and related to wheat growth rate and yield. Significantly higher total C, mineral N and plant-available potassium (K), and lower sulphur (S) concentrations, were still evident in the original pasture drill row after grain harvest compared to the inter-row area, four years after pastures were sown. Grain yield was 11% greater in wheat growing on the original pasture drill row compared to between rows. Pure lucerne swards had less mineralised N than mixed lucerne swards associated with reduced water in the soil profile. This study establishes the enduring legacy of pasture drill rows observed up to 14 months post-removal and highlights the opportunity to improve soil fertility through manipulation of pasture sowing configurations in a cropping field in south-eastern Australia.

中文翻译：

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牧场钻行对土壤化学特征和后续小麦生产的影响

研究种植在地下三叶草 (Trifolium subterraneum L.)、苜蓿 (Medicago sativa L.) 和菖蒲 (Phalaris Aquatica L.) 的各种结构上的牧草钻行对土壤化学特征和小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.) 的影响放牧后一年的产量。在澳大利亚东南部半干旱环境中的 Red Kandosol 土壤上进行的田间试验比较了 10 种牧草物种组合处理，从牧草阶段结束到第一批小麦作物的收获进行了监测。方体固定在土壤表面以标记先前的牧场钻孔行。行内和行间土壤分 3 次采样至 0.6 m，并分析矿质氮 (N)、pH、总碳 (C) 和有效常量营养素，以及与小麦生长速度和产量的相关性。显着更高的总 C，与牧草播种四年后的行间区域相比，在谷物收获后的原始牧草钻行中，矿物质 N 和植物有效钾 (K) 以及较低的硫 (S) 浓度仍然很明显。与行间相比，在原始牧场钻行上生长的小麦的谷物产量高出 11%。与土壤剖面中水分减少相关的混合苜蓿草相比，纯苜蓿草的矿化 N 较少。这项研究确定了在移除后长达 14 个月观察到的牧场钻行的持久遗产，并强调了通过操纵澳大利亚东南部农田中的牧场播种配置来提高土壤肥力的机会。与牧草播种四年后的行间区域相比，在谷物收获后的原始牧草钻行中仍然很明显。与行间相比，在原始牧场钻行上生长的小麦的谷物产量高出 11%。与土壤剖面中水分减少相关的混合苜蓿草相比，纯苜蓿草的矿化 N 较少。这项研究确定了在移除后长达 14 个月观察到的牧场钻行的持久遗产，并强调了通过操纵澳大利亚东南部农田中的牧场播种配置来提高土壤肥力的机会。与牧草播种四年后的行间区域相比，在谷物收获后的原始牧草钻行中仍然很明显。与行间相比，在原始牧场钻行上生长的小麦的谷物产量高出 11%。与土壤剖面中水分减少相关的混合苜蓿草相比，纯苜蓿草的矿化 N 较少。这项研究确定了在移除后长达 14 个月观察到的牧场钻行的持久遗产，并强调了通过操纵澳大利亚东南部农田中的牧场播种配置来提高土壤肥力的机会。与土壤剖面中水分减少相关的混合苜蓿草相比，纯苜蓿草的矿化 N 较少。这项研究确定了在移除后长达 14 个月观察到的牧场钻行的持久遗产，并强调了通过操纵澳大利亚东南部农田中的牧场播种配置来提高土壤肥力的机会。与土壤剖面中水分减少相关的混合苜蓿草相比，纯苜蓿草的矿化 N 较少。这项研究确定了在移除后长达 14 个月观察到的牧场钻行的持久遗产，并强调了通过操纵澳大利亚东南部农田中的牧场播种配置来提高土壤肥力的机会。