Continual reduction of landfill space along with rising CO₂ levels and environmental pollution, are global issues that will only grow with time if not correctly addressed. The lack of proper waste management infrastructure means gloablly commodity plastics are disposed of incorrectly, leading to both an economical loss and environmental destruction. The bioaccumulation of plastics and microplastics can already be seen in marine ecosystems causing a negative impact on all organisms that live there, ultimately microplastics will bioaccumulate in humans. The opportunity exists to replace the majority of petroleum derived plastics with bioplastics (bio-based, biodegradable or both). This, in conjunction with mechanical and chemical recycling is a renewable and sustainable solution that would help mitigate climate change. This review covers the most promising biopolymers PLA, PGA, PHA and bio-versions of conventional petro-plastics bio-PET, bio-PE. The most optimal recycling routes after reuse and mechanical recycling are: alcoholysis, biodegradation, biological recycling, glycolysis and pyrolysis respectively.

不断减少垃圾填埋空间，同时增加CO ₂水平和环境污染是全球性问题，如果解决不当，只会随着时间而增长。缺乏适当的废物管理基础设施意味着对大宗商品塑料的不当处置将导致经济损失和环境破坏。在海洋生态系统中已经可以看到塑料和微塑料的生物蓄积性，对那里生活的所有生物产生负面影响，最终微塑料将在人类体内生物蓄积。存在用生物塑料（生物基，可生物降解或两者兼有）替代大多数石油衍生塑料的机会。结合机械和化学回收利用，这是一种可再生且可持续的解决方案，将有助于缓解气候变化。这篇评论涵盖了最有前途的生物聚合物PLA，PGA，PHA和传统石油塑料bio-PET，bio-PE的生物版本。再利用和机械回收后，最佳的回收途径分别是：醇解，生物降解，生物回收，糖酵解和热解。