Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to provide multifunctional performance characteristics like ultraviolet protection, antibacterial activity and antiwrinkle effect on linen fabrics in one process by sol–gel coatings doped with different zinc chemicals. In addition, the effects of nano-sized zinc oxide nanopowders and micro-sized zinc salts were also discussed and compared. As control samples, both unfinished and pure silica coated (undoped) linen samples were used and as sol–gel coatings, ten sol–gel coatings were prepared with zinc salts (zinc acetate, zinc nitrate and zinc sulphate) and zinc oxide nanopowders. The coatings were applied to linen fabrics by pad-dry-cure method. Then, add on % values, ultraviolet protection factors, antibacterial properties, wrinkle recovery angles, tensile strength and elongation at break values, bending length and bending rigidity values and whiteness–yellowness values were determined according to the standard test methods. The coating film layer on the fiber surfaces and elemental content of the coatings were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR-ATR) analysis was used to determine the changes in chemical structures of the linen fabric samples after finishing processes and X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to characterize the zinc oxide nanopowders. As a result of the study, antiwrinkle effect, antibacterial activity and ultraviolet protection effect could be improved in one process and in terms of physical properties no considerable changes were observed. From the point of functional efficiency, nano-sized zinc oxide nanopowders were more favorable than micro-sized zinc salts.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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掺杂锌盐和氧化锌纳米粉的溶胶-凝胶涂料对亚麻织物多功能性能的影响

摘要

在这项研究中，其目的是通过掺有不同锌化学物质的溶胶-凝胶涂料，在一个过程中为亚麻织物提供多功能性能特征，如紫外线防护，抗菌活性和抗皱效果。此外，还讨论并比较了纳米级氧化锌纳米粉和微米级锌盐的作用。作为对照样品，使用未加工的和纯的二氧化硅涂层（未掺杂）亚麻样品，作为溶胶-凝胶涂层，用锌盐（醋酸锌，硝酸锌和硫酸锌）和氧化锌纳米粉制备了十个溶胶-凝胶涂层。通过垫干固化法将涂料涂覆到亚麻织物上。然后，添加％值，紫外线防护系数，抗菌性能，皱纹恢复角度，拉伸强度和断裂伸长率值，弯曲长度和弯曲刚度值以及白度-黄度值是根据标准测试方法确定的。通过扫描电子显微镜和能量色散X射线分析分别评估纤维表面上的涂膜层和涂层的元素含量。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR-ATR）分析用于确定整理后的亚麻织物样品的化学结构变化，并进行X射线衍射分析以表征氧化锌纳米粉体。研究的结果是，可以在一个过程中改善抗皱效果，抗菌活性和紫外线防护效果，并且在物理性能方面未观察到明显的变化。从功能效率的角度来看，

图形摘要