Arc plasma torch is an effective tool for spheroidization of metallic powders. However, as most conventional plasma torches were not specifically designed for plasma spheroidization, they may exhibit the disadvantages of the radial injection of powders, large fluctuations in the arc voltage, large gas flow rate, and disequilibrium between multiple plasma jets during the spheroidization process. Therefore, this paper presents a triple-cathode cascade plasma torch (TCCPT) for plasma spheroidization. Its structural design, including three cathodes, a common anode, and three sets of inter-electrodes, are detailed to ensure that powders can be inserted into the plasma jet by axial injection, the arc voltage fluctuations are easily maintained at a low level, and the plasma torches can work at a relatively small gas flow rate. Experimental results showed that the proposed TCCPT exhibits the following characteristics: (1) a relatively small arc voltage fluctuation within 5.3%; (2) a rel...

中文翻译：

---

用于金属粉末球化的三阴极级联等离子炬的设计和特性

电弧等离子炬是将金属粉末球化的有效工具。但是，由于大多数传统的等离子炬不是专门为等离子球化设计的，因此它们可能会出现粉末径向注入，电弧电压波动大，气体流量大以及在球形化过程中多个等离子流之间不平衡的缺点。因此，本文提出了一种用于等离子球化的三阴极级联等离子炬（TCCPT）。它的结构设计包括三个阴极，一个公共阳极和三组电极间，其详细设计可确保粉末可通过轴向注入而被插入等离子流中，电弧电压波动易于保持在较低水平，并且等离子炬可以以相对较小的气体流速工作。实验结果表明，提出的TCCPT具有以下特点：（1）电弧电压波动较小，在5.3％以内；（2）相对...