Fires have been an important natural disturbance and pervasive evolutionary force in the boreal biome. Yet, fire suppression has made forest fires rare in the managed landscapes in Fennoscandia, causing significant habitat loss for saproxylic species such as polypores and insects. To better understand how the beetle community changes (species turnover) after a wildfire in a landscape with intense fire suppression, we monitored beetles with flight intercept traps the first 3 years as well as 12 years after a large wildfire in a national park in northern Sweden (a control/unburnt area was set up for the last year of sampling). Species composition changed significantly among all studied years with a continuous turnover of species following the wildfire. The indicator species analysis showed that year 1 post-fire was mostly associated with cambium consumers and also the pyrophilous species Batrisodes hubenthali. Year 2 was the most abundant and species-rich year, with Tomicus piniperda as the most important indicator species. The indicator species year 3 were mostly secondary successional species, fungivores, and predators and were characterized by lower species diversity. Year 12 had higher diversity compared with year 3 but lower species richness and abundance. A control area was established during year 12 post-fire, and our analyses showed that the control area and burned area differed in species composition suggesting that the beetle community needs longer than 12 years to recover even after a low-intensive ground fire. The wildfire area hosted several red-listed and fire-dependent species suggesting that after a century of landscape-level fire suppression in a semi-natural area, the reintroduction of fire benefits rare and pyrophilous species and still impacts species composition after 12 years. This study implies that fire has long-lasting effects on high latitudes and that prescribed burning has the potential to benefit biodiversity over decades in these landscapes while also highlighting the value of considering the whole species community and not only monitoring abundance and richness to assess biodiversity after management actions.

中文翻译：

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野火在瑞典北部的半天然松树林中产生了甲虫群落的独特营业额

火灾一直是北方生物群系中重要的自然干扰和普遍的进化力量。然而，灭火抑制了芬诺斯坎迪亚（Fennoscandia）受管理的景观中罕见的森林火灾，造成了多孔和昆虫等腐灵物种的大量生境丧失。为了更好地了解在强烈抑制火势的山火后甲虫群落如何发生变化（物种周转），我们在瑞典北部的国家公园中，在头3年以及大火发生后的12年内，使用飞行拦截器监测了甲虫。 （在采样的最后一年设置了一个控制/未燃烧区域）。在所有研究年份中，物种组成均发生了显着变化，野火后物种的持续更新。指标物种分析表明，大火后的第一年主要与形成层消费者有关，还与嗜热物种蝙蝠（Batrisodes hubenthali）有关。第2年是最丰富，物种最多的一年，其中Tomicus piniperda是最重要的指示物种。指标物种第3年主要是次生演替物种，真菌和捕食者，其特征是物种多样性较低。与第3年相比，第12年的多样性更高，但物种丰富度和丰度却更低。火灾后第12年建立了一个控制区，我们的分析表明该控制区和燃烧区的物种组成不同，这表明即使在低强度地雷后，甲虫群落也需要超过12年的时间才能恢复。野火地区拥有数种列入红火名录的和依赖火种的物种，这表明在半自然地区进行了一个世纪的景观级火抑制之后，重新引入火势有利于稀有和嗜热物种，并且在12年后仍会影响物种组成。这项研究表明，火对高纬度具有长远的影响，规定的燃烧有可能使这些景观在几十年中受益于生物多样性，同时还强调了考虑整个物种群落的价值，不仅是监测物种的丰富度和丰富度，以评估生物多样性。管理行动。