In underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN), acoustic communication naturally introduces challenges such as long propagation delay and high packet loss. The flooding-based routing protocol can address these challenges with its multipath characteristics. As in flooding-based routing, due to multipath propagation mechanism, not only DATA but also ACK messages are transmitted through multiple routes however still some packet loss will degrade the performance. So, to provide high reliability of message delivery, an efficient retransmission mechanism is inevitable. Though, if the network uses conventional transport layer protocol such as TCP, it will suffer a spurious retransmission problem as TCP was originally not designed for the multipath environment. In this paper, we propose route discrimination for flooding-based routing to reduce spurious retransmission in UWSN to solve the limitation. The notion of ACK copies waiting time (ACWT) is utilized which is selectively updated based on the similarity of paths of transmission of ACK message copies. We also improved our previous solution that lacks flexibility to cope with dynamic link error characteristics. Through evaluation, we verified that our new scheme achieves the performance improvements of 14%~84% in terms of retransmission ratio compared to the previous research.

中文翻译：

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避免在水下传感器网络中使用基于泛洪的路由协议进行虚假重传

在水下无线传感器网络（UWSN）中，声学通信自然会带来诸如长传播延迟和高丢包等挑战。基于泛洪的路由协议可以利用其多路径特性来应对这些挑战。与基于泛洪的路由一样，由于多路径传播机制，不仅DATA，而且ACK消息都通过多条路径传输，但是仍有一些丢包会降低性能。因此，为了提供消息传递的高可靠性，有效的重传机制是不可避免的。但是，如果网络使用传统的传输层协议（例如TCP），则将遭受虚假的重传问题，因为TCP最初不是为多路径环境设计的。在本文中，我们提出了基于洪泛路由的路由判别方法，以减少UWSN中的虚假重传，以解决该限制。利用了ACK副本等待时间（ACWT）的概念，该概念基于ACK消息副本的传输路径的相似性而被选择性地更新。我们还改进了以前的解决方案，该解决方案缺乏应对动态链接错误特征的灵活性。通过评估，我们验证了我们的新方案在重传率方面比以前的研究实现了14％〜84％的性能提升。我们还改进了以前的解决方案，该解决方案缺乏应对动态链接错误特征的灵活性。通过评估，我们验证了我们的新方案在重传率方面比以前的研究实现了14％〜84％的性能提升。我们还改进了以前的解决方案，该解决方案缺乏应对动态链接错误特征的灵活性。通过评估，我们验证了我们的新方案在重传率方面比以前的研究实现了14％〜84％的性能提升。