Abstract

The design of vehicle impact zone is of great significance for passive safety protection of trains. This study introduces a novel design method of impact zone based on the concept of linear impact force, which has a linear increase of impact force with the increase of displacement. A three-dimensional dynamic model of train collision was constructed and validated. Here, the linear impact force slope of energy absorbing devices were selected as design variables, whereas the total mean acceleration along the train (TMA) and the total crash displacement (TS) were set as objectives. The multi-objective particle swarm optimisation was used to seek for an optimal design of the impact zone, where the response surface method was adopted to formulate the TMA and TS. The results indicate that the optimised design has smaller impact acceleration peak value, higher utilisation efficiency of compression stroke, and more uniform distribution of crashing displacement.

摘要

车辆碰撞区的设计对于列车的被动安全防护具有重要意义。本研究介绍了一种基于线性冲击力概念的冲击区设计新方法，其冲击力随位移的增加呈线性增加。建立并验证了列车碰撞三维动力学模型。此处，选择能量吸收装置的线性冲击力斜率作为设计变量，而将沿列车的总平均加速度（TMA）和总碰撞位移（TS）设置为目标。采用多目标粒子群优化方法寻求冲击区的优化设计，采用响应面法制定TMA和TS。结果表明，优化设计的冲击加速度峰值较小，