Up‐to‐date imaging approaches were used to address the spatiotemporal organisation of the endomembrane system in secretory cells of Dionaea muscipula. Different ‘slice and view’ methodologies were performed on resin‐embedded samples to finally achieve a 3D reconstruction of the cell architecture, using ultrastructural tomography, array tomography, serial block face‐scanning electron microscopy (SBF‐SEM), correlation, and volume rendering at the light microscopy level. Observations of cryo‐fixed samples by high‐pressure freezing revealed changes of the endomembrane system that occur after trap activation and prey digestion. They provide evidence for an original strategy that adapts the secretory machinery to a specific and unique case of stimulated exocytosis in plant cells. A first secretion peak is part of a rapid response to deliver digestive fluids to the cell surface, which delivers the needed stock of digestive materials ‘on site’. The second peak of activity could then be associated with the reconstruction of the Golgi apparatus (GA), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and vacuolar machinery, in order to prepare for a subsequent round of prey capture. Tubular continuum between ER and Golgi stacks observed on ZIO‐impregnated tissues may correspond to an efficient transfer mechanism for lipids and/or proteins, especially for use in rapidly resetting the molecular GA machinery. The occurrence of one vacuolar continuum may permit continuous adjustment of cell homeostasy. The subcellular features of the secretory cells of Dionaea muscipula outline key innovations in the organisation of plant cell compartmentalisation that are used to cope with specific cell needs such as the full use of the GA as a protein factory, and the ability to create protein reservoirs in the periplasmic space. Shape‐derived forces of the pleiomorphic vacuole may act as signals to accompany the sorting and entering flows of the cell.

中文翻译：

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捕蝇草消化腺内膜网络的功能组织：用新的显微镜工具箱重温旧故事

使用最新的成像方法来解决 Dionaea muscipula 分泌细胞中内膜系统的时空组织问题。使用超微结构断层扫描、阵列断层扫描、串行块面扫描电子显微镜 (SBF-SEM)、相关性和体积渲染，对树脂嵌入的样品进行了不同的“切片和视图”方法，最终实现了细胞结构的 3D 重建在光学显微镜水平。通过高压冷冻对冷冻固定样品的观察揭示了在陷阱激活和猎物消化后发生的内膜系统的变化。它们为使分泌机制适应植物细胞中刺激的胞吐作用的特定和独特情况的原始策略提供了证据。第一个分泌峰值是将消化液输送到细胞表面的快速反应的一部分，它在“现场”输送所需的消化材料库存。然后，第二个活动高峰可能与高尔基体 (GA)、内质网 (ER) 和液泡机构的重建有关，以便为下一轮的猎物捕获做准备。在 ZIO 浸渍组织上观察到的 ER 和高尔基体堆栈之间的管状连续体可能对应于脂质和/或蛋白质的有效转移机制，特别是用于快速重置分子 GA 机制。一个液泡连续体的出现可能允许细胞稳态的连续调整。Dionaea muscipula 分泌细胞的亚细胞特征概述了用于应对特定细胞需求的植物细胞区室化组织的关键创新，例如充分利用 GA 作为蛋白质工厂，以及在周质空间。多形液泡的形状衍生力可以作为伴随细胞分选和进入流动的信号。