Human activities both depend upon and have consequences on the environment. Environmental risk assessment (ERA) is a process of estimating the probability and consequences of the adverse effects of human activities and other stressors on the environment. Bayesian networks (BNs) can synthesize different types of knowledge and explicitly account for the probabilities of different scenarios, therefore offering a useful tool for ERA. Their use in formal ERA practice has not been evaluated, however, despite their increasing popularity in environmental modeling. This paper reviews the use of BNs in ERA based on peer‐reviewed publications. Following a systematic mapping protocol, we identified studies in which BNs have been used in an environmental risk context and evaluated the scope, technical aspects, and use of the models and their results. The review shows that BNs have been applied in ERA, particularly in recent years, and that there is room to develop both the model implementation and participatory modeling practices. Based on this review and the authors’ experience, we outline general guidelines and development ideas for using BNs in ERA. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:62–78. © 2020 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)

中文翻译：

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贝叶斯网络在环境风险评估中的回顾。

人类活动既依赖于环境又会对环境造成影响。环境风险评估（ERA）是估算人类活动和其他压力因素对环境造成不利影响的可能性和后果的过程。贝叶斯网络（BN）可以综合不同类型的知识，并明确说明不同情况的概率，因此为ERA提供了有用的工具。尽管它们在环境建模中越来越受欢迎，但尚未对其在正式ERA实践中的使用进行评估。本文根据同行评审的出版物回顾了ERA中BN的使用。遵循系统的制图协议，我们确定了在环境风险环境中使用过BN的研究，并评估了模型的范围，技术方面，模型的使用及其结果。审查显示，BN已在ERA中应用，尤其是在最近几年，并且存在开发模型实现和参与式建模实践的空间。基于本文的回顾和作者的经验，我们概述了在ERA中使用BN的一般准则和开发思路。Integr环境评估管理2021; 17：62–78。©2020作者。Wiley Periodicals LLC代表环境毒理化学协会（SETAC）发布的《综合环境评估与管理》