Abstract Crustal extension of the southern portion of the Taupo Rift in the Central North Island of New Zealand is mostly accommodated by normal faulting and rare dike intrusions. To better understand how extension is accommodated and how volcanoes and faults interact, we provide a new integration of the tectonic and volcanic history of this young section of the Taupo Rift from geological evidence. Fault acceleration and deceleration apparently coincide with episodes of voluminous volcanic eruptions during the last 100 ka. Using geological data, we detect three modes of volcano-fault interactions active during different periods: (1) increased volcanism (eruptive volume) coupled with increased fault slip-rate (e.g., 26–11 cal kyr BP); (2) increased volcanism, but decreased adjacent fault activity (e.g., 11–10 cal kyr BP Pahoka-Mangamate “unzipping” period); and (3) decreased volcanism (low rates and volumes), but increased fault slip-rate (e.g., 45–25 cal kyr BP). The availability of melt production at depth is a first-order factor controlling the geodynamic processes of coeval fault slip-rate and magma volume variations within this rift. We hypothesize that progressive shallowing of magma drives transition of mode (1) to (2); i.e., maintaining high volcanic rates but decreasing fault slip. Second-order interactions, such as stress-transfer, is modelled by simple Coulomb stress transfer scenarios to other faults and volcanoes surrounding rift elements. Our results strongly suggest that fluctuations in magma input through time strongly influence both eruption frequency and seismic cycles in volcanic rifts. Time-dependent seismic hazard models must consider the influence of magmatic processes in fault parameters (e.g. temporal slip-rate variations) in continental rifting environments.

中文翻译：

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新西兰汤加里罗火山中心堤防侵入与断层破裂之间的时空关联

摘要 新西兰北岛中部陶波裂谷南部的地壳延伸主要为正断层和罕见的岩脉侵入。为了更好地了解如何适应伸展以及火山和断层如何相互作用，我们根据地质证据提供了陶波裂谷这个年轻部分的构造和火山历史的新整合。断层加速和减速显然与过去 100 ka 期间大量火山爆发的事件相吻合。使用地质数据，我们检测到火山-断层相互作用在不同时期活跃的三种模式：（1）火山活动（喷发量）增加，断层滑动速率增加（例如，26-11 cal kyr BP）；(2) 火山活动增加，但邻近断层活动减少（例如，11–10 cal kyr BP Pahoka-Mangamate“解压缩”期）；(3) 减少火山活动（低速率和体积），但增加断层滑动速率（例如，45-25 cal kyr BP）。深部熔体生产的可用性是控制该裂谷内同期断层滑动速率和岩浆体积变化的地球动力学过程的一阶因素。我们假设岩浆的逐渐变浅驱动了模式（1）到（2）的转变；即，保持高火山率但减少断层滑动。二阶相互作用，例如应力传递，通过简单的库仑应力传递场景模拟到其他断层和裂谷元素周围的火山。我们的结果强烈表明，随着时间的推移，岩浆输入的波动强烈影响火山裂谷的喷发频率和地震周期。