Abstract Climate change adaptation is increasingly perceived as a global and interconnected policy challenge among practitioners and academics, making localized solutions insufficient. In parallel to this trend, a growing number of international organizations that do not have climate as their core mandates link adaptation to various issue areas, such as energy, health, and conflict resolution. Yet we still know little about how and why international organizations respond to adaptation challenges. This article develops an innovative theoretical framework to understand the factors that influence the governance responses of international organizations to adaptation challenges in the context of their respective issue areas. Our analysis reveals that there are three main and interrelated factors influencing international governance responses: problem complexity, institutional fragmentation, and fiscal pressures. We examine our framework by drawing on of two sources of data: first, a yearly large-n dataset at the level of fourteen international organizations from 2007 to 2017 created on the basis of official documents; and second, in-depth case studies of three UN agencies central in addressing three prominent issue linkages: climate-conflict, climate-health, and climate-migration. We conclude by sketching broader implications for the theory and practice of global adaptation governance.

中文翻译：

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全球适应治理：解释国际组织对新问题关联的治理反应

摘要 气候变化适应越来越被从业者和学术界视为全球性和相互关联的政策挑战，使得本地化解决方案不足。与这一趋势并行的是，越来越多的国际组织没有将气候作为其核心任务，将适应与能源、健康和冲突解决等各种问题领域联系起来。然而，我们对国际组织如何以及为何应对适应挑战知之甚少。本文开发了一个创新的理论框架，以了解影响国际组织在其各自问题领域背景下应对适应挑战的治理反应的因素。我们的分析表明，影响国际治理响应的三个主要且相互关联的因素是：问题的复杂性、制度分散和财政压力。我们通过利用两个数据源来检查我们的框架：第一，2007 年至 2017 年在 14 个国际组织级别基于官方文件创建的年度大 n 数据集；第二，三个联合国机构的深入案例研究，主要解决三个突出的问题联系：气候冲突、气候健康和气候移民。最后，我们勾勒出对全球适应治理理论和实践的更广泛影响。三个联合国机构的深入案例研究在解决三个突出问题的联系方面发挥着核心作用：气候冲突、气候健康和气候移民。最后，我们勾勒出对全球适应治理理论和实践的更广泛影响。三个联合国机构的深入案例研究在解决三个突出问题的联系方面发挥着核心作用：气候冲突、气候健康和气候移民。最后，我们勾勒出对全球适应治理理论和实践的更广泛影响。