On Friday, April 13, 2018, a high-amplitude atmospheric inertia–gravity wave packet with surface pressure perturbations exceeding 10 mbar crossed the lake at a propagation speed that neared the long-wave gravity speed of the lake, likely producing Proudman resonance. A set of meteotsunami waves struck the shores near Ludington, Michigan, a coastal community along the sandy dunes of Lake Michigan. During the event, harbor walls were overtopped, damage occurred to shoreline homes and boat docks, and water intake pumps were impacted due to the large change in water level. To fully understand the generation of this event and the impacts to the coastal community, we have carried out atmospheric and hydrodynamic model simulations of the inertia–gravity and meteotsunami waves. Atmospheric simulation of the inertia–gravity waves was performed using a high-resolution model for the Great Lakes region that mimics the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration High-Resolution Rapid Refresh operational model. Surface meteorological conditions were supplied to the Lake Michigan-Huron Operational Forecast System, an operational model used for hydrodynamic forecast guidance. This is the first documented case of a meteotsunami generated by an atmospheric inertia–gravity wave in the Great Lakes, and it provides an evaluation of existing and proposed operational infrastructure as it pertains to meteotsunami forecasting in the USA.

2018年4月13日，星期五，一个表面压力扰动超过10 mbar的高振幅大气惯性-重力波包以接近湖泊长波重力速度的传播速度越过了湖泊，可能产生Proudman共振。一系列的海啸袭击了密歇根州Ludington附近的海岸，密歇根州Ludington是密歇根湖沙丘上的一个沿海社区。在活动期间，港口的墙壁太高了，海岸线的房屋和船坞遭到了破坏，并且由于水位的巨大变化，进水泵受到了影响。为了充分了解该事件的产生及其对沿海社区的影响，我们对惯性-重力和流星海浪进行了大气和流体动力学模型模拟。使用模拟国家海洋和大气管理局高分辨率快速刷新操作模型的大湖区高分辨率模型，对惯性重力波进行了大气模拟。地表气象条件已提供给密歇根湖-休伦湖业务预报系统，该系统用于水动力预报指导。这是大湖区由大气惯性-重力波产生的流星海啸的第一个记录案例，它对与美国的流星海啸预报有关的现有和拟议的业务基础设施进行了评估。地表气象条件已提供给密歇根湖-休伦湖业务预报系统，该系统用于水动力预报指导。这是大湖区由大气惯性-重力波产生的流星海啸的第一个记录案例，它对与美国的流星海啸预报有关的现有和拟议的业务基础设施进行了评估。地表气象条件已提供给密歇根湖-休伦湖业务预报系统，这是一种用于水动力预报指导的业务模型。这是大湖区由大气惯性-重力波产生的流星海啸的第一个记录案例，它对与美国的流星海啸预报有关的现有和拟议的业务基础设施进行了评估。