High magnetic fields (up to 17.6 T) in combination with large magnetic field gradients (up to 25 T/m) were successfully utilized in pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR studies of gas and liquid diffusion in nanoporous materials. In this mini-review, we present selected examples of such studies demonstrating the ability of high field PFG NMR to gain unique insights and differentiate between various types of diffusion. These examples include identifying and explaining an anomalous relationship between molecular size and self-diffusivity of gases in a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF), as well as revealing and explaining an influence of mixing different linkers in a ZIF on gas self-diffusion. Different types of normal and restricted self-diffusion were quantified in hybrid membranes formed by dispersing ZIF crystals in polymers. High field PFG NMR studies of such membranes allowed observing and explaining an influence of the ZIF crystal confinement in a polymer on intra-ZIF self-diffusion of gases. This technique also allowed measuring and understanding anomalous single-file diffusion (SFD) of mixed sorbates. Furthermore, the presented examples demonstrate a high potential of combining high field PFG NMR with single-crystal infrared microscopy (IRM) for obtaining greater physical insights into the studied diffusion processes.

高磁场（高达17.6 T）与大磁场梯度（高达25 T / m）的结合已成功用于纳米多孔材料中气体和液体扩散的脉冲场梯度（PFG）NMR研究。在本小型审查中，我们提供了此类研究的一些示例，这些研究证明了高场PFG NMR能够获得独特的见解并区分各种类型的扩散。这些示例包括识别和解释分子筛与沸石咪唑酸酯骨架（ZIF）中气体的自扩散性之间的反常关系，以及揭示和解释ZIF中混合不同的连接基对气体自扩散的影响。在通过将ZIF晶体分散在聚合物中形成的杂化膜中，对不同类型的正常和受限自扩散进行了定量。对此类膜进行的高场PFG NMR研究可观察和解释聚合物中ZIF晶体限制对ZIF内气体自扩散的影响。该技术还允许测量和了解混合山梨酸酯的异常单文件扩散（SFD）。此外，提出的实例证明了将高场PFG NMR与单晶红外显微镜（IRM）结合使用的巨大潜力，从而可以更深入地了解所研究的扩散过程。