Abstract. Hyperspectral cameras capture images where every pixel contains spectral information of the corresponding small area of the depicted scene. Spatial misregistration—differences in spatial sampling between different spectral channels—is one of the key quality parameters of these cameras, because it may have a large impact on the accuracy of the captured spectra. Spatial misregistration unifies various factors, such as differences in the position of the optical point spread function (PSF) in different spectral channels, differences in PSF size, and differences in PSF shape. Ideally, there should be no difference in spatial sampling across the spectral channels, but in any real camera, all these factors are present to some degree. Our work shows the magnitude of the spectral errors caused by these spatial misregistration factors of different magnitudes and in various combinations when acquiring hyperspectral images of real scenes. The spectral errors are calculated in Virtual Camera software where high-resolution airborne images of real-world scenes and several PSFs of different hyperspectral cameras are used as the input. The misregistration factors are simulated. Two different methods for quantifying spatial misregistration in the lab are also tested and compared using the correlation with the errors in the real-world scenes as the criterion. The results are used to suggest the best camera characterization approach that would adequately predict spatial misregistration errors and allow reliable comparison of different hyperspectral cameras to each other.

中文翻译：

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高光谱相机中的空间未配准：实验室表征和对现实世界图像中数据质量的影响

摘要。高光谱相机捕捉图像，其中每个像素都包含所描绘场景的相应小区域的光谱信息。空间失配——不同光谱通道之间空间采样的差异——是这些相机的关键质量参数之一，因为它可能对捕获光谱的准确性产生很大影响。空间未配准统一了各种因素，例如光点扩展函数 (PSF) 在不同光谱通道中的位置差异、PSF 大小的差异以及 PSF 形状的差异。理想情况下，跨光谱通道的空间采样应该没有差异，但在任何真实的相机中，所有这些因素都在某种程度上存在。我们的工作显示了在获取真实场景的高光谱图像时，由这些不同量级和各种组合的空间配准不当因素引起的光谱误差的大小。光谱误差在虚拟相机软件中计算，其中真实世界场景的高分辨率机载图像和不同高光谱相机的几个 PSF 用作输入。模拟配准不良因素。还使用与现实世界场景中的错误的相关性作为标准，测试并比较了实验室中用于量化空间配准不良的两种不同方法。结果用于建议最好的相机表征方法，该方法可以充分预测空间配准错误，并允许对不同的高光谱相机进行可靠的比较。