In the real world, traumatic injuries are measured using the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), however, such a scale cannot be computed to date or the injury precisely located by using human computer models. These models use stresses and strains to evaluate whether serious or fatal injuries are reached, which unfortunately bear no direct relation to AIS. This paper proposes to overcome this deficiency and suggests a unique Organ Trauma Model (OTM) able to calculate the risk to life of any organ injury, focussing in this case on real-life pedestrian head injuries. The OTM uses a power method, named Peak Virtual Power (PVP), and defines a brain white and gray matters trauma response as a function of impact direction and impact speed. The OTM was tested against four real-life pedestrian accidents and proved to predict the head trauma severity and location. In some cases, the method did however under-estimate the trauma by 1 AIS level because of post-impact haemorrhage which cannot be captured with Lagrangian Finite Element solvers. The OTM has the potential to create an important advance in vehicle safety by adding more information on the risk of head trauma.

中文翻译：

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一种从有限元模型计算 AIS 创伤评分的方法

在现实世界中，创伤性损伤是使用简化损伤量表 (AIS) 来测量的，然而，迄今为止，这种量表无法计算，也无法通过使用人机模型精确定位损伤。这些模型使用应力和应变来评估是否达到了严重或致命的伤害，不幸的是，这与 AIS 没有直接关系。本文建议克服这一缺陷，并提出一种独特的器官创伤模型 (OTM)，该模型能够计算任何器官损伤的生命风险，在这种情况下重点关注现实生活中的行人头部受伤。OTM 使用一种功率方法，称为峰值虚拟功率 (PVP)，并将脑白质和灰质创伤反应定义为冲击方向和冲击速度的函数。OTM 针对四起现实生活中的行人事故进行了测试，并被证明可以预测头部外伤的严重程度和位置。然而，在某些情况下，由于无法用拉格朗日有限元求解器捕获的撞击后出血，该方法确实将创伤低估了 1 个 AIS 水平。OTM 通过添加更多有关头部外伤风险的信息，有可能在车辆安全方面取得重要进展。