The quantum circuit model is an abstraction that hides the underlying physical implementation of gates and measurements on a quantum computer. For precise control of real quantum hardware, the ability to execute pulse and readout-level instructions is required. To that end, we introduce Qiskit Pulse, a pulse-level programming paradigm implemented as a module within Qiskit-Terra [1]. To demonstrate the capabilities of Qiskit Pulse, we calibrate both un-echoed and echoed variants of the cross-resonance entangling gate with a pair of qubits on an IBM Quantum system accessible through the cloud. We perform Hamiltonian characterization of both single and two-pulse variants of the cross-resonance entangling gate with varying amplitudes on a cloud-based IBM Quantum system. We then transform these calibrated sequences into a high-fidelity CNOT gate by applying pre and post local-rotations to the qubits, achieving average gate fidelities of F = 0.981 and F = 0.979 for the u...

中文翻译：

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Qiskit Pulse：使用脉冲通过云对量子计算机进行编程

量子电路模型是一种抽象，它隐藏了量子计算机上门和测量的底层物理实现。为了精确控制实际的量子硬件，需要具有执行脉冲和读出级指令的能力。为此，我们介绍了Qiskit Pulse，它是在Qiskit-Terra [1]中作为模块实现的脉冲级编程范例。为了演示Qiskit Pulse的功能，我们通过可通过云访问的IBM Quantum系统上的一对量子位，校准了交叉共振纠缠门的未回声和回声变体。我们在基于云的IBM Quantum系统上对振幅变化幅度不同的交叉谐振纠缠门的单脉冲和双脉冲变体进行汉密尔顿表征。