In this study, we focus on the question of stability of NISQ devices. The parameters that define the device stability profile are motivated by the work of DiVincenzo where the requirements for physical implementation of quantum computing are discussed. We develop the metrics and theoretical framework to quantify the DiVincenzo requirements and study the stability of those key metrics. The basis of our assessment is histogram similarity (in time and space). For identical experiments, devices which produce reproducible histograms in time, and similar histograms in space, are considered more reliable. To investigate such reliability concerns robustly, we propose a moment-based distance (MBD) metric. We illustrate our methodology using data collected from IBM's Yorktown device. Two types of assessments are discussed: spatial stability and temporal stability.

中文翻译：

---

表征 NISQ 设备的稳定性

在这项研究中，我们关注 NISQ 设备的稳定性问题。定义设备稳定性配置文件的参数受到 DiVincenzo 的工作的启发，其中讨论了量子计算的物理实现要求。我们开发指标和理论框架来量化 DiVincenzo 要求并研究这些关键指标的稳定性。我们评估的基础是直方图相似性（在时间和空间上）。对于相同的实验，在时间上产生可重复直方图和在空间上产生类似直方图的设备被认为更可靠。为了稳健地研究这种可靠性问题，我们提出了一个基于矩的距离（MBD）度量。我们使用从 IBM 的 Yorktown 设备收集的数据来说明我们的方法。讨论了两种类型的评估：