Household water management is often women's responsibility, as related to the gendered nature of household roles. Ethnographic data suggest that household water insecurity could increase women's exposure to emotional and physical forms of intimate partner violence (IPV), as punishments for failures to complete socially expected household tasks that rely on water (like cooking and cleaning) and the generally elevated emotional state of household members dealing with resource scarcity. Here, we test the associations between sub-optimal household water access and women's exposure to IPV, using the nationally-representative data from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, 2016. Drawing upon the intra-household bargaining model as the theoretical framework, we run instrumental variable probit regression, to test the association between household water access and prevalence of IPV against women. After controlling for other known covariates of IPV such as women's empowerment and education, the findings substantiate that worse household water access consistently elevates women's exposures to all forms of IPV. This suggests that improvements in household water access may have additional ramifications for reducing women's risk of IPV, beyond currently recognized socioeconomic benefits. While both household water access and IPV have known health consequences, linking them provides another pathway through which water could affect women's health.

与家庭角色的性别性质相关，家庭用水管理通常是妇女的责任。人种学数据表明，家庭缺水会增加妇女面对亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的情感和身体形式的暴露，这是对未能完成依靠水（如烹饪和清洁）以及社会情绪普遍升高的社会预期家庭任务的惩罚家庭成员处理资源短缺的问题。在这里，我们使用来自尼泊尔人口与健康调查（2016年）的全国代表性数据，测试了次优家庭用水与妇女接触IPV之间的关联。以家庭内部讨价还价模型为理论框架，我们进行了分析可变概率回归 测试家庭用水与IPV对妇女的感染之间的关联。在控制了IPV的其他已知协变量（如增强妇女权能和受教育程度）之后，研究结果证实，较差的家庭用水持续增加了妇女接触各种形式IPV的机会。这表明，除目前公认的社会经济效益外，改善家庭用水状况可能对降低妇女患IPV的风险产生其他影响。虽然家庭取水和IPV都对健康有影响，但将它们联系起来却提供了另一条途径，水可以影响妇女的健康。调查结果证实，较差的家庭用水持续增加了妇女接触各种形式IPV的机会。这表明，除目前公认的社会经济效益外，改善家庭用水状况可能对降低妇女患IPV的风险产生其他影响。虽然家庭取水和IPV都对健康有影响，但将它们联系起来却提供了另一条途径，水可以影响妇女的健康。调查结果证实，较差的家庭用水持续增加了妇女接触各种形式IPV的机会。这表明，除目前公认的社会经济效益外，改善家庭用水状况可能对降低妇女患IPV的风险产生其他影响。虽然家庭取水和IPV都对健康有影响，但将它们联系起来却提供了另一条途径，水可以影响妇女的健康。